AT1 receptor-mediated angiotensin II activation and chemotaxis of T lymphocytes

A Modern Understanding of the Traditional and Nontraditional Biological Functions of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme

“…Activation. As indicated previously, ACEmediated generation of angiotensin II affects the expression of T cell activation markers, including CD44 (Guzik et al, 2007;Silva-Filho et al, 2011). Additional experiments have shown that intrinsically generated angiotensin II is also important for T-cell expression of the important cytokine TNFa (Hoch et al, 2009).…”

“…Angiotensin II increases monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells, an important early step in the inflammatory process (AbdAlla et al, 2004). Furthermore, endogenous production of angiotensin II seems required for optimal T-cell function early in inflammation (Silva-Filho et al, 2011). Specifically, the use of an ACE inhibitor or an AT1 receptor antagonist in an in vitro assessment of T-cell activation had several effects, including reducing the expression of the activation markers CD25 + and CD69 + , reducing the in vitro adhesion of activated T cells to fibronectin or laminin, and reducing the transmigration of these cells, as measured in an in vitro Transwell migration assay.…”

Studies of the T-Cell Angiotensin Receptor Using Cre-Lox Technology

“…4 We showed that circulating T cells produce substantial amounts of angiotensin II when exposed to anti-CD3, and that ACE inhibition prevents both superoxide and tumor necrosis factor-␣ production by T cells. Taken together with the studies by Maeda et al 2 and Silva-Filho et al, 3 it seems likely that a unique property of activated T cells is production of angiotensin II and expression of AT 1 R, and that angiotensin II contributes to T-cell cytokine production and invasion of tissues.…”

“…These authors further demonstrated that angiotensin II increases cytokine production of CD8 ϩ cells caused by T-cell receptor ligation and that losartan blocks this. Very recently, Silva-Filho et al 3 confirmed that T-cell receptor ligation increases AT 1 R expression on T cells and that proliferation, adhesion, and chemotaxis of both CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ cells is inhibited by losartan and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition with captopril. In the latter case, the effect of captopril can be overcome by addition of angiotensin II.…”

Angiotensin-converting enzyme and the tumor microenvironment: mechanisms beyond angiogenesis

“…The work of Nataraj et al (103) suggests that in the absence of AT 1 R expression on T cells, proliferation of T cells is impaired, dampening the inflammatory response and permitting cardiac transplant without overt host reaction. Akin to their influence on monocyte recruitment, ACE inhibitors could also affect recruitment of T cells (130).…”