At the Tip of an Iceberg: Prenatal Marijuana and Its Possible Relation to Neuropsychiatric Outcome in the Offspring

Alpár, Alán; Marzo, Vincenzo Di; Harkany, Tibor

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.09.009

Cited by 78 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 185 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This lack of studies is a significant point given that endogenous cannabinoid system regulates important steps of the nervous system development (Diaz-Alonso et al, 2012). The deleterious consequences in brain development and psychiatric implications in the adulthood induced by psychoactive THC exposure have been widely studied (Tortoriello et al, 2014; Alpár et al, 2015; de Salas-Quiroga et al, 2015). Recent evidence indicates that while CBD in the adult brain is safe and lacks undesired side effects, in the differentiating neurons it may increase their sensitivity to future oxidative insults (Schönhofen et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic and Neuroprotective Mechanisms Involved in the Therapeutic Effects of Cannabidiol in Psychiatric Disorders

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Beneficial effects of cannabidiol (CBD) have been described for a wide range of psychiatric disorders, including anxiety, psychosis, and depression. The mechanisms responsible for these effects, however, are still poorly understood. Similar to clinical antidepressant or atypical antipsychotic drugs, recent findings clearly indicate that CBD, either acutely or repeatedly administered, induces plastic changes. For example, CBD attenuates the decrease in hippocampal neurogenesis and dendrite spines density induced by chronic stress and prevents microglia activation and the decrease in the number of parvalbumin-positive GABA neurons in a pharmacological model of schizophrenia. More recently, it was found that CBD modulates cell fate regulatory pathways such as autophagy and others critical pathways for neuronal survival in neurodegenerative experimental models, suggesting the potential benefit of CBD treatment for psychiatric/cognitive symptoms associated with neurodegeneration. These changes and their possible association with CBD beneficial effects in psychiatric disorders are reviewed here.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastic and Neuroprotective Mechanisms Involved in the Therapeutic Effects of Cannabidiol in Psychiatric Disorders

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All of the abovementioned facts act as risk factors for proper development, as maternal tissues act as reservoirs for THC as well as for other cannabinoids (Friedrich et al 2016). Consequently, we find a broadening spectrum of interference of exogenous cannabinoids with the roles played by endocannabinoids during ontogeny and throughout development (Alpar et al 2016; Psychoyos and Vinod, 2013). …”

Section: Maternal Cannabis Use Disorder and Familial Transmission mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This persistent behavior is likely due to the widespread acceptance of cannabis as a harmless drug, to the unawareness of potential harm of prenatal THC exposure and of the risks they pose, and finally to the lack of apparent teratogenic effects. Nonetheless, epidemiological evidence points at detrimental postnatal behavioral derangements, which span from neuropsychiatric to behavioral and executive functioning, resulting from early life exposure to cannabis (Alpar et al 2016; Day et al 1991; Day and Richardson, 1991; Morris et al 2011; van Gelder et al 2009; Vassoler et al 2013, 2014). Noteworthy, little is known about the implications on human CNS development from the exposure to synthetic cannabinoids, and since our knowledge is only inferred from preclinical studies (Mereu et al 2003; Psychoyos et al 2008; Vargish et al 2016), we can so far predict in humans similar symptoms to those observed following prenatal THC exposure.…”

Section: Maternal Cannabis Use Disorder and Familial Transmission mentioning

confidence: 99%

New vistas on cannabis use disorder

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cannabis sativa preparations are the most consumed illicit drugs for recreational purposes worldwide, and the number of people seeking treatment for cannabis use disorder has dramatically increased in the last decades. Due to the recent decriminalization or legalization of cannabis use in the Western Countries, we may predict that the number of people suffering from cannabis use disorder will increase. Despite the increasing number of cannabis studies over the past two decades, we have gaps of scientific knowledge pertaining to the neurobiological consequences of long-term cannabis use. Moreover, no specific treatments for cannabis use disorders are currently available. In this review, we explore new research that may help fill these gaps. We discuss and provide a solution to the experimental limitation of a lack of rodent models of THC self-administration, and the importance this model can play in understanding the neurobiology of relapse and in providing a biological rationale for potential therapeutic targets. We also focus our attention on glial cells, commenting on recent preclinical evidence suggesting that alterations in microglia and astrocytes might contribute to the detrimental effects associated with cannabis abuse. Finally, due to the worrisome prevalence rates of cannabis use during pregnancy, we highlight the associations between cannabis use disorders during pregnancy and congenital disorders, describing the possible neuronal basis of vulnerability at molecular and circuit level.

show abstract

“…In the light of these arguments, perinatal pharmacological manipulation of CB1 may deeply alter development (12). Also in adolescence, the impact of exposure to ⌬ 9 -THC on maturational events mediated by the ECS that might occur in the brain has been pointed out (753) so that heavy adolescent exposure to marijuana might represent a risk factor for developing subsequent disorders at adulthood (757).…”

Section: Brain Development In Utero Postnatally and In Adolescencementioning

confidence: 99%

From Phytocannabinoids to Cannabinoid Receptors and Endocannabinoids: Pleiotropic Physiological and Pathological Roles Through Complex Pharmacology

Ligresti¹,

Petrocellis²,

Marzo³

2016

Physiological Reviews

Self Cite

342

337

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Apart from having been used and misused for at least four millennia for, among others, recreational and medicinal purposes, the cannabis plant and its most peculiar chemical components, the plant cannabinoids (phytocannabinoids), have the merit to have led humanity to discover one of the most intriguing and pleiotropic endogenous signaling systems, the endocannabinoid system (ECS). This review article aims to describe and critically discuss, in the most comprehensive possible manner, the multifaceted aspects of 1) the pharmacology and potential impact on mammalian physiology of all major phytocannabinoids, and not only of the most famous one ⌬ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol, and 2) the adaptive prohomeostatic physiological, or maladaptive pathological, roles of the ECS in mammalian cells, tissues, and organs. In doing so, we have respected the chronological order of the milestones of the millennial route from medicinal/recreational cannabis to the ECS and beyond, as it is now clear that some of the early steps in this long path, which were originally neglected, are becoming important again. The emerging picture is rather complex, but still supports the belief that more important discoveries on human physiology, and new therapies, might come in the future from new knowledge in this field.

show abstract

At the Tip of an Iceberg: Prenatal Marijuana and Its Possible Relation to Neuropsychiatric Outcome in the Offspring

Cited by 78 publications

References 185 publications

Plastic and Neuroprotective Mechanisms Involved in the Therapeutic Effects of Cannabidiol in Psychiatric Disorders

Plastic and Neuroprotective Mechanisms Involved in the Therapeutic Effects of Cannabidiol in Psychiatric Disorders

New vistas on cannabis use disorder

From Phytocannabinoids to Cannabinoid Receptors and Endocannabinoids: Pleiotropic Physiological and Pathological Roles Through Complex Pharmacology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About