Asynchronous transformation of human livelihoods in key regions of the trans-Eurasia exchange in China during 4000-2200 BP

Ma, Minmin; Lu, Minxia; Zhang, Shanjia; Ma, Rui; Guo, Dong

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107665

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This facilitated the development of diverse subsistence strategies across different altitudes. Furthermore, the large rivers and mountains resulted in highly fragmented and isolated habitats, which mitigated opportunities for the formation of a dominant subsistence strategy in late Neolithic China (Lu et al, 2021;Ma et al, 2022a), but which supported the emergence of diverse subsistence strategies in the Bronze Age HMR.…”

Section: Relationship Between the Spatial Pattern Of Human Subsistenc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spatio-temporal patterns of subsistence strategies transformed significantly throughout Eurasia during the late Neolithic and Bronze periods (Jones et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2019;Dong et al, 2022a;Ma et al, 2022a). These patterns' relationship to transcontinental exchange and climate change have been intensively discussed in the past two decades (Chen et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2021;Dong et al, 2022b;He et al, 2022;Li et al, 2022;Yang et al, 2022), with the rapid accumulation of archaeobotanical, zooarchaeological, and stable isotopic data from archaeological sites, as well paleoclimatic studies across the continent (Outram et al, 2012;Brunson et al, 2016;Jia et al, 2016;Dong et al, 2017;Hanks et al, 2018;Du et al, 2020;Zhou et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Humans engaged in hunting-gathering in the HMR until the arrival of Neolithic farming groups from the Yellow River Valley during the sixth Millennium BP (Chen and Chen, 2006;Zhao and Chen, 2011;Huan et al, 2022). Following this introduction to agriculture, human strategies for food production transformed with notable spatial variability in the subsequent thousands of years (Lu et al, 2021;Ma et al, 2022a). According to the radiocarbon dates of the crop remains, millets, rice, and wheat/ barley first spread to the HMR around 5,300 BP, 5,000 BP, and 3,400 BP, respectively (d'Alpoim Guedes et al, 2015;Huan et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These same crops were utilized in the comparatively low-lying areas of southern HMR until ~4,600 BP (Dal Martello et al, 2018). Cropping patterns in the HMR during the late Neolithic and especially during the Bronze period (~3,400-2,200 BP) demonstrated diverse characteristics across different landforms (e.g., mountain areas, dry-hot valleys) (Lu et al, 2021;Ma et al, 2022a). However, the importance of different crops in plant subsistence and their relation to local environments throughout the HMR remains unclear, mainly due to the absence of human bone collagen stable isotopic data from different geomorphological positions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diverse subsistence strategies related to the spatial heterogeneity of local environments in the Hengduan Mountain Region during the Bronze Age

Zhi-jian

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Human subsistence strategies in East Asia changed significantly during the Bronze Age. The notable spatial variability in these strategies has been mainly attributed to the asynchronous introduction and adoption of new crops and livestock, as well as climate changes. However, the impact of differential local environments on spatial patterns of subsistence strategies in diverse geomorphic areas, such as the Hengduan Mountain Region (HMR), is poorly understood. In this study, we present new carbon and nitrogen isotopic data of human bone collagen from the Adong and Gaozhai tombs in the HMR. Adong is located in a mountain area, and Gaozhai is located on a river terrace. Both sites were dated to the early third Millennium BP (before the present). Our results suggest that human diets at Gaozhai were dominated by C3 foods. Human diets at Adong, alternatively, displayed more differentiation, with greater consumption of C4 foods. Further evidence is needed to discuss the significant differences in δ15N values of human bone collagen between the Gaozhai and Adong tombs. By comparing published isotopic, archaeobotanical, and zooarchaeological data, as well as the altitude and precipitation at the archaeological sites, we propose that precipitation may have affected the diversity of human dietary strategies in the Bronze Age HMR. We conclude that at higher altitudes, humans adopted diverse subsistence strategies and obtained meat resources by hunting. Some of this preferential behavior is likely explained by the survival pressure in the highlands of the HMR during the Bronze Age.

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Section: Relationship Between the Spatial Pattern Of Human Subsistenc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Diverse subsistence strategies related to the spatial heterogeneity of local environments in the Hengduan Mountain Region during the Bronze Age

Zhi-jian

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…Cultural exchange between China and South and Southeast Asia during the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age was facilitated by massive diffusion of farming groups, for example, the southward expansion of millet farmers from the Yellow River valleys in North China, which has been discussed in detail by archeologists, geneticists and linguists (e.g. Gao et al, 2020; Ma et al, 2022; Wang et al, 2018; Zhang et al, 2019). However, given that the results of these studies are conflicting, the timing and routes for the spread of millet farming to Southwest China and South and Southeast Asia remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the transport networks complex between South Asia, Southeast Asia and China during the late Neolithic and Bronze Age

Dong

et al. 2022

The Holocene

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The emergence and intensification of transcontinental exchange during both the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age profoundly influenced the social history of Eurasia. While scholars have intensively discussed east-west long-distance communication along the proto-Silk Road, the north-south transport networks that connected China to South and Southeast Asia during the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age have attracted much less attention in the scholarly literature based on archeological science data. In this paper, we find new radiocarbon dates from 11 Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in northwestern and central Yunnan in Southwest China, a key entrance into South and Southeast Asia from China. Combined with previously published archeological records and radiocarbon dates, we attempt to disentangle and understand the timing and routes of the networks linking China to South and Southeast Asia during the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age. We propose three north-south land routes that played essential roles in the cultural exchanges in addition to the proto-Silk Road and maritime routes. This includes the trans-Himalayan routes, trans-Hengduan Mountain routes, and the trans-Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau routes. The north-south exchange between China and South and Southeast Asia probably emerged in the fifth millennium BP (before the present) mainly through a low-frequency trans-Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau and trans-Himalayan routes. The exchange frequency significantly increased after the fourth millennium BP, with the synchronous development of the three primary north-south passageways. Trans-Hengduan routes might have been the most crucial artery connecting China and South and Southeast Asia during 3000–2200 BP, but more archeological records are needed to understand the detailed evolution of these transport networks.

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Different trajectories of livelihood transformations in response to the trans-Eurasian exchange in agricultural, pastoral, and agro-pastoral regions of north China during the late Neolithic and Bronze Age

Dong,

Liang,

et al. 2024

J. Geogr. Sci.

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Asynchronous transformation of human livelihoods in key regions of the trans-Eurasia exchange in China during 4000-2200 BP

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

Diverse subsistence strategies related to the spatial heterogeneity of local environments in the Hengduan Mountain Region during the Bronze Age

Diverse subsistence strategies related to the spatial heterogeneity of local environments in the Hengduan Mountain Region during the Bronze Age

Understanding the transport networks complex between South Asia, Southeast Asia and China during the late Neolithic and Bronze Age

Different trajectories of livelihood transformations in response to the trans-Eurasian exchange in agricultural, pastoral, and agro-pastoral regions of north China during the late Neolithic and Bronze Age

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