“…It is well known that while Lyapunov functions are made use in the investigation of (ODEs), more generally (LFs) are used in studying (FDEs) and (IDEs) (see, for example, Burton [6,7]. As (VIDEs) can also be treated as (FDEs), (LFs) have been constructed or defined exclusively for various (VIDEs) by Adıvar and Raffoul [1], Becker ([2], [3], [4]), Burton [5,6,7], Burton et al [8], Burton and Mahfoud ([9], [10]), Corduneanu [11], Diamandescu [12], Eloe et al [13], Furumochi and Matsuoka [14], Graef and Tunç [15], Graef et al [16], Grimmer and Seifert [17], Gripenberg et al [18], Hara et al [19], Islam and Raffoul [20], Jordan [21], Levin [22], Mahfoud [23], Miller [24], Raffoul [25], [26], [27], Raffoul and Ren [28], Raffoul and Unal [29], Rama Mohana Rao and Raghavendra [30], Rama Mohana Rao and Srinivas [31], Staffans [32], Tunç ([33], [34], [35]), Tunç and Ayhan [38], Vanualailai and Nakagiri [39], Wang [40], Wazwaz [41], Zhang [42], Da Zhang [43] and many relative papers in their references...…”