Asymptomatic urinary tract infection among pregnant women receiving ante-natal care in a traditional birth home in Benin city, Nigeria

Abstract

BACKGROUND: A good proportion of pregnant women patronize traditional birth homes in Nigeria for ante-natal care. This study aimed at determining the prevalence, risk factors, and susceptibility profile of etiologic agents of urinary tract infection among ante-natal attendees in a traditional birth home in Benin City, Nigeria. METHODS: Clean-catch urine was collected from 220 pregnant women attending a traditional birth home in Benin City, Nigeria. Urine samples were processed, and microbial isolates identified using standard bacteriological procedures. A cross-sectional study design was used. RESULTS: The prevalence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women was 55.0%, significantly affected by parity and gestational age (P<0.05). Mixed infection was recorded among 13(10.7%) pregnant women, and was unaffected by maternal age, parity, gravidity, gestational age, and educational status. Irrespective of trimester Escherichia coli was the most prevalent etiologic agent of urinary tract infection, followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The flouroquinolones were the most effective antibacterial agents, while Sulphamethoxazole-trimetoprim, Amoxicillin, Nalidixic acid, and Nitrofurantoin had poor activity against uropathogens isolated. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women was 55.0% and significantly affected by gestational age and parity. The most prevalent etiologic agent observed was Escherichia coli. With the exception of the flouroquinolones, aminoglycoside, and Amoxicillincluvanate, the activity of other antibiotics used on uropathogens were poor. Health education of the traditional birth attendant and her clients by relevant intervention agencies is strongly advocated.

Incidence of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics at Some Selected Hospitals in Aba, Southeastern Nigeria

“…Okonko et al (16) observed an incidence rate of 47.5% among pregnant women in Oluyoro Catholic Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria while Onifade et al (19) obtained an incidence rate of 58% in a similar study among pregnant women in Ondo, Nigeria. Others who also worked among pregnant women in Nigeria include Oladeinde et al (18) with incidence rate of 55.0% and Lawani et al (20) with incident rate of 25.3%. The high incidence rate obtained in this study could be attributed to the environmental conditions where subjects reside.…”

High prevalence of antibiotic resistance among bacteria isolated from pregnant women with asymptomatic urinary tract infections in Dar es Salaam,Tanzania

“…The prevalence rates of 6.1-10.9% have been reported from Iran, 7.3% in Ghana and 13% -21% from Tanzania between 2009 and 2010 (9,21). A higher rate (55%) was reported from Nigeria (22). One previous study indicated that the prevalence rate might be even higher in resources-limited countries, particularly among persons of lower socioeconomic status (23).…”

Asymptomatic bacteriuria and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates among pregnant women attending Dessie referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: A hospital-based cross-sectional study

“…This finding is comparable with those reported in Adama, Ethiopia (37.3%), [7] and Nigeria (37.8%). [9] In pregnant women, progesterone relaxes ureteric smooth muscle which causes dilatation of ureters which additionally aggravates as a result of pressure from the enlarging uterus. All of these factors bring urinary stasis, dysfunctional ureteric valves and vesico-ureteral reflux, which assists bacterial colonization and rising infection.…”

“…The most commonly implicated bacteria responsible for ASB in pregnant women are Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and coagulase-negative Staphylococci. [6][7][8][9][10] Escherichia coli is the most predominant bacteria that cause asymptomatic UTI among pregnant women. [11,12] ASB due to Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus) has been associated with adverse obstetric outcomes.…”