Asymptomatic SARS-COV-2 infection in children's tonsils

Miura, Carolina Sponchiado; Lima, Thais M.; Martins, Ronaldo B.; Jorge, Daniel Macedo de Melo; Tamashiro, Edwin; Anselmo‐Lima, Wilma Terezinha; Arruda, Eurico; Valera, Fabiana

doi:10.1016/j.bjorl.2022.10.016

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Another study has detected SARS‐CoV‐2 in neonatal autopsy tissues and placenta 146 . In two other studies, SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA persistence was observed in children's tonsils and pharyngeal lymphoid tissue who had asymptomatic acute infection and recovered 147,148 …”

Section: Viral Persistence and Prevalence Of Long Covid In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…146 In two other studies, SARS-CoV-2 RNA persistence was observed in children's tonsils and pharyngeal lymphoid tissue who had asymptomatic acute infection and recovered. 147,148 Buonsenso et al 149 suggested that independent from COVID severity, SARS-CoV-2 could spread systemically and persist for weeks to months in children. 149 Approximately 25% of pediatric COVID survivors have suffered multisystem long infection, even 12 months after the onset of infection.…”

Section: Viral Persistence and Prevalence Of Long Covid In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intrinsic factors behind long COVID: III. Persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its components

El‐Baky,

Amara,

Uversky

et al. 2023

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Considerable research has been done in investigating SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, its characteristics, and host immune response. However, debate is still ongoing over the emergence of post‐acute sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (PASC). A multitude of long‐lasting symptoms have been reported several weeks after the primary acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection that resemble several other viral infections. Thousands of research articles have described various post‐COVID‐19 conditions. Yet, the evidence around these ongoing health problems, the reasons behind them, and their molecular underpinnings are scarce. These persistent symptoms are also known as long COVID‐19. The persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 and/or its components in host tissues can lead to long COVID. For example, the presence of viral nucleocapsid protein and RNA was detected in the skin, appendix, and breast tissues of some long COVID patients. The persistence of viral RNA was reported in multiple anatomic sites, including non‐respiratory tissues such as the adrenal gland, ocular tissue, small intestine, lymph nodes, myocardium, and sciatic nerve. Distinctive viral spike sequence variants were also found in non‐respiratory tissues. Interestingly, prolonged detection of viral subgenomic RNA was observed across all tissues, sometimes in multiple tissues of the same patient, which likely reflects recent but defective viral replication. Moreover, the persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was noticed throughout the brain at autopsy, as late as 230 days following symptom onset among unvaccinated patients who died of severe infection. Here, we review the persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its components as an intrinsic factor behind long COVID. We also highlight the immunological consequences of this viral persistence.

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Section: Viral Persistence and Prevalence Of Long Covid In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Viral Persistence and Prevalence Of Long Covid In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic factors behind long COVID: III. Persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its components

El‐Baky,

Amara,

Uversky

et al. 2023

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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“…These findings indicate that the presence of viruses in the tonsils and adenoids can be considered as a “normal viral flora”, suggesting that certain respiratory viruses may exhibit more chronic behavior [ 49 ]. It is worth noting that data from the COVID-19 pandemic have shown that tonsils and adenoids could serve as significant sites of SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic children [ 50 ].…”

Section: Microbiology Of Adenoids and Tonsilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Enigmatic Adenoids and Tonsils: Exploring Immunology, Physiology, Microbiome Dynamics, and the Transformative Power of Surgery

Samara

Athanasopoulos

2023

Microorganisms

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Within the intricate realm of the mucosal immune system resides a captivating duo: the adenoids (or pharyngeal tonsils) and the tonsils (including palatine, tubal, and lingual variations), which harmoniously form the Waldeyer’s ring. As they are strategically positioned at the crossroads of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, these exceptional structures fulfill a vital purpose. They function as formidable “gatekeepers” by screening microorganisms—both bacteria and viruses—with the mission to vanquish local pathogens via antibody production. However, under specific circumstances, their function can take an unsettling turn, inadvertently transforming them into reservoirs for pathogen incubation. In this review, we embark on a fascinating journey to illuminate the distinctive role of these entities, focusing on the local immune system inside their tissues. We delve into their behavior during inflammation processes, meticulously scrutinize the indications for surgical intervention, and investigate the metamorphosis of their microbiota in healthy and diseased states. We explore the alterations that occur prior to and following procedures like adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, or their combined counterparts, particularly in pediatric patients. By comprehending a wealth of data, we may unlock the key to the enhanced management of patients with otorhinolaryngological disorders. Empowered with this knowledge, we can embrace improved therapeutic approaches and targeted interventions/surgeries guided by evidence-based guidelines and indications.

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“…For example, SARS-CoV-2 genome was found in the tonsils of 20% of 48 children that had tonsillectomies. None of the children had experienced signs or symptoms of COVID prior to the surgery [5]. The use of RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry and neutralization assays on adenotonsillar tissues enabled detection of the SARS-CoV-2 genome [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…None of the children had experienced signs or symptoms of COVID prior to the surgery [5]. The use of RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry and neutralization assays on adenotonsillar tissues enabled detection of the SARS-CoV-2 genome [5]. Similarly, SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein specific immune-histological stain was seen in patients who underwent gastric and gallbladder surgery [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Approach for Active Coronavirus Infection Identification by Targeting the Negative RNA Strand- A Replacement for the Current Positive RNA-based qPCR Detection Method

Davis

Ullah

2023

Preprint

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This manuscript describes the development of an alternative method to detect active coronavirus infection, in light of the current COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The pandemic, which was first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has had a significant impact on global health as well as on the economy and daily life in the world. The current positive RNA-based detection systems are unable to discriminate between replicating and non-replicating viruses, complicating decisions related to quarantine and therapeutic interventions. The proposed method targets the negative strand of the virus and has the potential to effectively distinguish between active and inactive infections, which could provide a more accurate means of determining the spread of the virus and guide more effective public health measures during the current pandemic.

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Asymptomatic SARS-COV-2 infection in children's tonsils

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Intrinsic factors behind long COVID: III. Persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its components

Intrinsic factors behind long COVID: III. Persistence of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its components

Unveiling the Enigmatic Adenoids and Tonsils: Exploring Immunology, Physiology, Microbiome Dynamics, and the Transformative Power of Surgery

A New Approach for Active Coronavirus Infection Identification by Targeting the Negative RNA Strand- A Replacement for the Current Positive RNA-based qPCR Detection Method

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