Asymptomatic carriage of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Group A Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus among adults aged 65 years and older

Drayß, Maria; Claus, Heike; Hubert, Kerstin; Thiel, Katrin; Berger, Anja; Sing, Andreas; Linden, Mark van der; Vogel, Ulrich; Lâm, Thiên-Trí

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0212052

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…S. aureus carriage was 27.3% in Norwegian adults [50] and 37.4% in Switzerland [51]. According to a recent German study, it still remained 28.5% in the elderly (�65 years) [52]. In this latter study, the carriage rate was 1.9% for H. influenzae and no S. pneumoniae were found.…”

Section: Serotypementioning

confidence: 78%

Co-carriage of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis among three different age categories of children in Hungary

et al. 2020

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BackgroundThe nasopharynx can from time to time accommodate otherwise pathogenic bacteria. This phenomenon is called asymptomatic carriage. However, in case of decreased immunity, viral infection or any other enhancing factors, severe disease can develop. Our aim in this study was to survey the nasal carriage rates of four important respiratory pathogens in three different age groups of children attending nurseries, day-care centres and primary schools. This is the first study from Hungary about the asymptomatic carriage of H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis. MethodsAltogether 580 asymptomatic children were screened in three Hungarian cities. Samples were collected from both nostrils with cotton swabs. The identification was based on both colony morphology and species-specific PCRs. Serotyping was performed for S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined with agar dilution, according to the EUCAST guidelines. Clonality was examined by PFGE. Results and conclusionsWhereas the carriage rates of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis clearly decreased with age, that of S. aureus showed an opposite tendency. Multiple carriage was least prevalent if S. aureus was one of the participants. The negative association between this bacterium and the others was statistically significant. For pneumococcus, the overall carriage rate was lower compared to earlier years, and PCV13 serotypes were present in only 6.2% of the children. The majority of H. influenzae isolates was non-typeable and no PLOS ONE | https://doi.

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Section: Serotypementioning

confidence: 78%

Co-carriage of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis among three different age categories of children in Hungary

et al. 2020

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“…S . aureus nasal carriage in the general human population is around 20–30% [ 34 – 36 ]. In our previous human carriage studies, the nasal colonisation rates were found to be 29.3% among university students [ 17 ] and 21.3% among children attending day-care centres [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole genome sequencing of coagulase positive staphylococci from a dog-and-owner screening survey

et al. 2021

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Background Staphylococcus aureus and S. pseudintermedius are the two most common coagulase positive staphylococci (CPS). S. aureus is more prevalent among humans, whereas S. pseudintermedius is more commonly isolated from dogs, however, both can cause various community and hospital acquired diseases in humans. Methods In the current study we screened 102 dogs and 84 owners in Hungary. We tested the antibiotic susceptibility of the strains and in order to get a better picture of the clonal relationship of the strains, we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. In addition, three pairs of isolates with identical PFGE patterns were whole genome sequenced, MLST and spa types were established. Results Carriage rate of S. aureus was 23.8% in humans and 4.9% in dogs and two cases of co-carriage were found among dogs and owners. S. pseudintermedius carriage rate was 2.4% and 34.3%, respectively, with only one co-carriage. The isolates were generally rather susceptible to the tested antibiotics, but high tetracycline resistance of S. pseudintermedius strains was noted. The co-carried isolates shared almost the same resistance genes (including tet(K), bla(Z), norA, mepR, lmrS, fosB) and virulence gene pattern. Apart from the common staphylococcal enzymes and cytotoxins, we found enterotoxins and exfoliative toxins as well. The two S. aureus pairs belonged to ST45-t630, ST45-t671 and ST15-t084, ST15-t084, respectively. The co-carried S. pseudintermedius isolates shared the same housekeeping gene alleles determining a novel sequence type ST1685. Conclusions Based on the genomic data, dog-owner co-carried strains displayed only insignificant differences therefore provided evidence for potential human-to-dog and dog-to-human transmission.

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“…High rates of S . aureus in nasal swabs among adults ≥ 60 years old from community have been described in Brazil (17.8%), Australia (23.1%), Denmark (24.1%), UK (25.8%) and Germany (28.5%) [28–32]. Another Brazilian study that investigated the rate of nasal S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the introduction of Hib vaccination NTHi has become the most important type of H . influenzae not only in Brazil but also in several parts of the world [32,44]. Failure to receive influenza vaccine and to have COPD were risk factors associated with H .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus in a Brazilian elderly cohort

et al. 2019

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We aimed to investigate the nasopharyngeal colonization (NPC) by Streptococcus pneumoniae , Haemophilus influenzae , and Staphylococcus aureus in the elderly population and to assess the demographic factors associated with NPC. This was an observational cohort study in which outpatients aged ≥60 years were enrolled from April to August 2017, with a follow-up visit from September through December 2017. Nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs were collected, bacteria were detected and isolated, and isolates were subjected to phenotypic and molecular characterization using standard microbiological techniques. At enrolment, the rates of S . aureus , methicillin-resistant S . aureus (MRSA), H . influenzae , and S . pneumoniae among 776 elderly outpatients were 15.9%, 2.3%, 2.5%, and 2.2%, respectively. Toxin production was detected in 21.1% of methicillin-susceptible S . aureus , and three SCC mec types were identified: II/IIb, IVa, and VI. At the follow-up visit, all carriage rates were similar (p > 0.05) to the rates at enrolment. Most of S . pneumoniae serotypes were not included in pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), except for 7F, 3, and 19A. All strains of H . influenzae were non-typeable. Previous use of antibiotics and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (p < 0.05) were risk factors for S . aureus and MRSA carriage; S . aureus colonization was also associated with chronic kidney disease (p = 0.021). S . pneumoniae carriage was associated with male gender (p = 0.032) and an absence of diabetes (p = 0.034), while not receiving an influenza vaccine (p = 0.049) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.031) were risk factors for H . influenzae colonization. The frailty of study participants was not associated with colonization status. We found a higher S . aureus carriage rate compared with the S . pneumoniae - and H . influenzae -carriage rates in a well-attended population in a geriatric outpatient clinic. This is one of the few studies conducted in Brazil that can support future colonization studies among elderly individuals.

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Asymptomatic carriage of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Group A Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus among adults aged 65 years and older

Cited by 27 publications

References 50 publications

Co-carriage of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis among three different age categories of children in Hungary

Co-carriage of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis among three different age categories of children in Hungary

Whole genome sequencing of coagulase positive staphylococci from a dog-and-owner screening survey

Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus in a Brazilian elderly cohort

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