Asymptomatic Carriage of Listeria monocytogenes by Animals and Humans and Its Impact on the Food Chain

Schoder, Dagmar; Guldimann, Claudia; Märtlbauer, Erwin

doi:10.3390/foods11213472

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…L . monocytogenes can be present in the environment of pig and poultry farms, being common asymptomatic carriage animals (Schoder et al ., 2022; Lagarde et al ., 2024). Both pigs and poultry can harbour the bacterium in their digestive tract and excrete it into the environment, being considered the primary source of L .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lower prevalence of L. monocytogenes has been found by Rahimi et al (2012) in chicken, quail and turkey meat (1.9%, 5.2% and 0.9%, respectively) (17.14%, 18.92% and 3.92% in the present work). L. monocytogenes can be present in the environment of pig and poultry farms, being common asymptomatic carriage animals (Schoder et al, 2022;Lagarde et al, 2024). Both pigs and poultry can harbour the bacterium in their digestive tract and excrete it into the International Journal of Food Science and Technology 2024 environment, being considered the primary source of L. monocytogenes in carcass contamination at the slaughterhouse (Luque-Sastre et al, 2018;Lagarde et al, 2024).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence, identification and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp. isolated from poultry and pork meat

Martinez‐Laorden,

Arraiz‐Fernandez,

Cantalejo

et al. 2024

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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SummaryThe aim of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes and other Listeria spp. in chicken, duck, quail, turkey and pork meat, including the antibiotic resistance of isolated strains. A total of 184 meat samples were collected from different retailers in La Rioja (Spain). The presence of Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes were detected in 24.46% and 10.32% of the meat samples respectively. L. monocytogenes was the predominant Listeria spp. found in chicken, quail and pork meat, while L. innocua and L. welshimeri were the predominant species in duck and turkey meat respectively. A total of thirty‐three strains (55.93%) of Listeria spp. were found to be multi‐resistant (resistant to ≥3 families of antibiotics). The highest multi‐resistant rates were observed in L. monocytogenes (73.68%) and L. innocua (70.59%), followed by L. ivanovii (50%). Resistance to ampicillin and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole were found in L. monocytogenes strains isolated from chicken, being of special concern, since these antibiotics are used in the treatment of listeriosis. Special measures should be taken to reduce meat contamination such as adequate handling, correct preparation (cooking) and cleaning and disinfection in order to avoid cross‐contamination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, identification and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp. isolated from poultry and pork meat

Martinez‐Laorden,

Arraiz‐Fernandez,

Cantalejo

et al. 2024

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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“…The presence of an ST6 isolate carrying virulence genes involved in invasion and adherence mechanisms could be relevant in wildlife animals. In fact, they could play an active role as carriers of possibly pathogenetic and virulent strains, and contribute to the distribution of L. monocytogenes in the environment [ 38 , 39 ]. This is even more true when considering species such as Caretta caretta , which can migrate for hundreds or thousands of kilometers [ 6 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loggerhead Sea Turtle as Possible Source of Transmission for Zoonotic Listeriosis in the Marine Environment

Rubini,

Baruffaldi,

Taddei

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Listeria monocytogenes is an ubiquitous pathogen isolated from different host species including fish, crustaceans, and molluscs, but it is rarely a pathogenic microorganism to marine reptiles. In particular, only two cases of fatal disseminated listeriosis have been described in the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta). In this study, we describe a lethal case of L. monocytogenes infection in a loggerhead sea turtle. The turtle was found alive, stranded on a beach in North-eastern Italy, but perished soon after being rescued. The autoptic examination revealed that heart, lung, liver, spleen, and urinary bladder were disseminated with multiple, firm, 0.1–0.5 mm sized, nodular, white-green lesions. Microscopically, these lesions corresponded with heterophilic granulomas with Gram+ bacteria within the necrotic center. Furthermore, the Ziehl–Neelsen stain was negative for acid-fast organisms. Colonies isolated from heart and liver were tested through MALDI-TOF for species identification, revealing the presence of L. monocytogenes. Whole Genome Sequencing on L. monocytogenes isolates was performed and the subsequent in silico genotyping revealed the belonging to Sequence Type 6 (ST 6); the virulence profile was evaluated, showing the presence of pathogenicity islands commonly observed in ST 6. Our results further confirm that L. monocytogenes should be posed in differential diagnosis in case of nodular lesions of loggerhead sea turtles; thus, given the zoonotic potential of the microorganism, animals should be treated with particular caution. In addition, wildlife animals can play an active role as carriers of possibly pathogenetic and virulent strains and contribute to the distribution of L. monocytogenes in the environment.

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“…It causes invasive infections, especially in the debilitated and immunosuppressed (like transplant patients, pregnant women, individuals on long‐term immunosuppressive drugs and neonates), and can stay silently in a human body with no symptoms. Listeria could lead to sepsis, meningitis and neurolisteriosis initially, that may lead to severe morbidity and mortality without timely interventions 14–18 …”

Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurring food source‐based Listeria outbreaks in the United States: An unsolved puzzle of concern?

Mohapatra,

Mishra,

Tuglo

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Recurring Listeria outbreaks in the United States is a growing public healthcare concern. Although no associated reported death, 17 were hospitalized out of the 18 reported illnesses in the recent outbreak in 15 US states. The United States has experienced about 30 Listeria outbreaks in the last decade with 524 Listeriosis cases and 80 deaths. The identified origin were ice cream, leafy greens, mushroom, meat slice, dairy products like cheese, packaged salads, cooked chicken, hard‐boiled egg, pork product, frozen vegetable, raw milk, packaged caramel apple, bean sprout and soya products. Although rare, Listeria may lead to serious illness (invasive listeriosis) or death. Listeriosis is critically harmful and medically complicated, especially in the pregnant, the old above 65 years and in the immunocompromised. It could cause premature birth, miscarriage or even neonatal death. Hospitalization is often necessary in the geriatric, being fatal at times. Among Listeria sp., Listeria monocytogenes is often human infection‐associated. It is a gram‐positive, non‐sporulating, motile bacillus opportunistic pathogen. Food‐borne listeriosis is often associated with frozen foods due to its ability to thrive at low temperatures. Hypervirulent strains of L. monocytogenes with an ability to infect the respiratory system (the lungs) was recently reported in the coronavirus disease‐19 patients during the pandemic. L. monocytogenes seemed to have developed antimicrobial resistance to ciprofloxacin and meropenem, possibly acquired through the food chain. An early onset of listeriosis in the newborn is evident in the first 7 days postparturition. As the bacteria colonize the genitourinary tract, majority of such cases result from teratogenic transfer during vaginal delivery. Premature newborns, neonates born outside healthcare facilities and low‐birth‐weight babies were increasingly predisposed to an early onset of listeriosis. Listeria outbreaks were earlier reported in South Africa, Australia and Europe, with an unclear origin of the outbreaks. Social media updates about such outbreaks, the most likely food source, and measures to self‐protect are suggested as preventive measures. The article deals on various such aspects related to listeriosis primarily originating from food, to ensure better public healthcare and human wellness.

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Asymptomatic Carriage of Listeria monocytogenes by Animals and Humans and Its Impact on the Food Chain

Cited by 22 publications

References 117 publications

Prevalence, identification and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp. isolated from poultry and pork meat

Prevalence, identification and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria spp. isolated from poultry and pork meat

Loggerhead Sea Turtle as Possible Source of Transmission for Zoonotic Listeriosis in the Marine Environment

Recurring food source‐based Listeria outbreaks in the United States: An unsolved puzzle of concern?

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