Asymptomatic bacteriuria: prevalence rates of causal microorganisms, etiology of infection in different patient populations, and recent advances in molecular detection

Ipe, Deepak S.; Sundac, Lana; Benjamin, William H.; Moore, Kate H.; Ulett, Glen C.

doi:10.1111/1574-6968.12204

Cited by 92 publications

(84 citation statements)

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Section: Urinary Tract Infection: An Overview Of the Infection And Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37 This in turn is a consequence of microbial colonization of the urinary tract. The occurrence of the infection among the hospitalized patients belonging to different groups varies considerably Ipe et al 20 The patients can be grouped as healthy adults, elderly patients, pregnant women and immune compromised and the extent of prevalence of UTI among these groups significantly varies.38 Evaluation of bacteriuria among infected individuals symbolizes a diagnostic challenge due to the involvement of variety of microorganisms and requires a careful assessment to evaluate the etiologies as a consequence of bacteriuria among the different groups of patients. Treatment during pregnancy is very crucial and the employment of empirical treatment or misuse of the antimicrobial agents due to lack of proper assessment of the condition has resulted in a widespread resistance among the pathogens conferring UTI.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…20 Despite the fact, that symptomatic bacteriuria is common among the pregnant women and leads to various complications, asymptomatic bacteriuria could also lead to assorted complications. Studies in the past have carried out a convoluted analysis to explore the incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Ghana.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Urinary Tract Infection: An Overview of the Infection and the Associated Risk Factors

Ramachandran¹

2014

JMEN

133

132

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IntroductionUrinary tract infection is a common contagion among men and women but the incidence is quite high among women due to their physiology. In simple terms, it can be referred as a condition which women will certainly encounter during the span of their life time and the prevalence is higher among women during pregnancy. As the name indicates, the infected parts involve the urinary tract comprising of the upper and lower urinary tract. The infection is named after the part that gets infected and is referred to as cystitis (bladder infection) and phylonephritis (kidney infection). The symptoms associated with the bladder and kidney infections are contrasting which includes painful and frequent urination in case of cystitis as a result of bladder infection whereas conditions like high fever and flank pain are commonly experienced in case of kidney contagion which is referred to as phylonephritis. This prevalence of the infection among children and elderly people is not clearly understood and is currently under study. Bacteria are the prime perpetrator responsible for conferring the infection among humans but the role of certain fungi and viruses cannot be over looked. However, the incidence of UTI as a result of viral or fungal infection is considered to be rare phenomena. Though the infection seems to be harmless in the initial stages, the patient shows a variety of symptoms as the stage progresses and can lead to death in severe circumstances. Research studies have defined urinary tract infection as the most common form of bacterial infection.1,2 Urinary tract infection can be a consequence of poor diagnosis and is regarded as the common hospital acquired infection. 3,4 The infection encompasses a diverse group of clinical syndromes and diseases that differ in epidemiology, etiology, location severity of the condition. 5 In addition to the above factors, it also vary in expressed local symptoms, frequency of recurrence, extent of damage caused, presence of complicating factors and the risk from their reiterate incidence. 6 The occurrence of bladder infection is usually followed by kidney infection and results in blood borne infection and in severe circumstances can lead to dire consequences including death. Therefore, UTI is capable of claiming lives under severe circumstances and proper treatment results in quick recovery from the contagion. The onset of the infection is in the 6 th week of pregnancy through 24 th week. 7 Although the prevalence of bacteriuria during pregnancy is similar to that in non pregnant women, pregnancy enhances the possibility of infection among women. 8,9 The occurrence of the infection is at its peak during pregnancy which in turn relies on several other factors. Though the higher incidence of UTI during pregnancy cannot be accepted as a universal fact as the concept is under the verge of research and several researchers are attempting to figure out the significance of pregnancy in relation to urinary tract infection. The concept of the predominance of UTI among women during pr...

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Section: Urinary Tract Infection: An Overview Of the Infection And Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urinary Tract Infection: An Overview of the Infection and the Associated Risk Factors

Ramachandran¹

2014

JMEN

133

132

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“…[4][5][6][7] Pyelonephritis has been associated with maternal septicemia, renal dysfunction and anemia, 8 as well as adverse fetal outcomes, such as low birth weight and preterm birth. 3,9 Conversely, a recent study found asymptomatic bacteriuria was not associated with preterm birth. 4 Hence, the relationship between asymptomatic bacteriuria and pregnancy complications is uncertain.…”

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confidence: 94%

Recommendations on screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy

Moore

Doull

Grad

et al. 2018

CMAJ

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“…Escherichia coli is the most prevalent species isolated from humans with subclinical bacteriuria but Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., and Staphylococcus aureus also have been implicated (Ipe et al, 2013). Subclinical bacteriura in healthy female dogs has recently be reported in association with E.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Preventing canine urinary tract infection (UTI) using an asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) Escherichia coli strain

Thompson¹

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Bacterial cystitis occurs with reasonable frequency in dogs. Persistent infection and repeated reinfection (recurrent bacterial urinary tract infection, hereafter termed recurrent UTI) is reported less frequently. Recurrent urinary tract infection is predominantly diagnosed in dogs with a predisposing or comorbid condition, and episodes are often subclinical. Escherichia coli is the most frequently cultured species in both uncomplicated bacterial cystitis and recurrent UTI.Antimicrobial therapy limitations and global emergence of bacterial strains that are both virulent and multidrug-resistant (MDR) has led to an urgent requirement for novel control strategies in both companion animals and humans. Escherichia coli strain 83972 has been successfully used to colonise the bladder of humans with recurrent UTI in order to reduce the incidence of subsequent febrile UTI via the process of active bacterial interference. This strategy has not been utilised in dogs to date but may prove an effective alternative to antimicrobial therapy if it can be shown to colonise the bladder of dogs safely and effectively compete with uropathogens.A retrospective study to examine the signalment, infecting strains, presence of clinical signs, and incidence of pyuria in Australian dogs with recurrent urinary tract infection was performed. The findings were similar to those of two large North-American studies with regard to signalment, predisposing or comorbid diseases, bacterial species isolated, and resistance to commonly used oral antimicrobials, although the median age of our dogs was higher at 10 years (7 years in both prior studies). Examination of the E. coli isolates from a subset of nine dogs provided new information on phylogenetic group, virulence gene profiles, haemolytic phenotype, expression of type 1 fimbriae, and sequence type (ST). Phylogenetic groups F and B2 were frequently identified, representing 13/32 (41%) and 8/32 (25%) of isolates respectively, but no phylogroup B2 isolates were MDR, in comparison with phylogroup F isolates, which accounted for 12/16 (75%) MDR isolates. Clonal groups of global importance such as ST131-B2, ST354-F, ST38-D and ST457-F were represented, with possible implications for both companion animal and human health. Of particular concern was the repeated isolation of ST354-F strains from the urine of a paralysed dog over a 3-year period.When competition experiments between E. coli 83972 and a selection of canine uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), including emerging, highly virulent MDR strains with zoonotic potential, were performed in pooled canine urine, E. coli 83972 was largely non-competitive against the canine isolates after 17 hr of incubation. This finding contrasted with the competitive superiority previously exhibited by E. coli 83972 in pooled human urine in competition experiments with human UPEC strains. In 5/10 trials, the E. coli 83972 was not outcompeted in canine urine, iii however, and given that the starting ratio in dogs following prophylactic bladder colonisation would ...

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Asymptomatic bacteriuria: prevalence rates of causal microorganisms, etiology of infection in different patient populations, and recent advances in molecular detection

Cited by 92 publications

References 92 publications

Urinary Tract Infection: An Overview of the Infection and the Associated Risk Factors

Urinary Tract Infection: An Overview of the Infection and the Associated Risk Factors

Recommendations on screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy

Preventing canine urinary tract infection (UTI) using an asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) Escherichia coli strain

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