Asymmetry and changes in the neuromuscular profile of short-track athletes as a result of strength training

Pakosz, Paweł; Lukanova-Jakubowska, Anna; Łuszczki, Edyta; Gnoiński, Mariusz; García-García, Oscar

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0261265

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Often, asymmetrical physical exercise unique to a particular sport may result in the occurrence of body posture asymmetry, "particularly in the period of intensive growth. Some studies show that in many sports, especially those of asymmetric nature, disorders of the statics of the spine; trunk asymmetries; as well as disproportions of one's muscle mass occur in the training subjects" (Grabara, 2012;Kalata et al, 2020;Pakosz et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussion and Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Body Posture Investigation in Young Track and Field Athletes

Radu

Petrea²

2022

RREM

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Based on previous researches, it was identified how physical activity brings effects on the posture and physical development of a young body. The posture of the athletes is a large interest subject for the physical education and sports research field, mostly for the researchers who discovered that physical training affects body posture, even if there is no consensus on the direction of this effect. The main scope of the case study is to evaluate the anthropometrics variables and to evaluate the upper body posture using the APECS Pro version 6.2.0 developed by New Body Technology in young track and field athletes. The analysed group consisted of fourteen minor athletes (7 girls and 7 boys) with age between 11-13 years old. A minimum of two years of participation in athletics training, a frequency of 3 times/week training sessions, and participation on track and field contest at regional events, were criteria for inclusion in this study. Were assess anthropometric measurements (6 variables) and posture investigation (upper body posture in frontal plane – back view and sagittal plane, side view respectively). The results were performed by means, SD, and Independent Sample T-Test. Also, relationships between anthropometric variables and angular values of upper body posture in frontal and sagittal plane were analysed with Pearson correlation. Data analysis revealed asymmetry at the body alignment, head-neck, shoulder, scapulae, and axillae. It’s recommended to perform exercise sets during the session training or individually to improve the strength and the balance of strength to be able to keep the best posture daily life.

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Section: Discussion and Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Body Posture Investigation in Young Track and Field Athletes

Radu

Petrea²

2022

RREM

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“…The electrodes were placed so that they did not affect the tendons and isolated the contraction of the muscle in question or to avoid simultaneous activation of nearby muscles. The sensor location was manually selected to locate the thickest and most deformable part of the muscle [ 19 ]. If necessary, the sensor placement was adjusted during the test to obtain the best mechanical response of the muscle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All measurements were carried out by the same evaluator who had extensive experience in the use of TMG. Relative and absolute reliability of Dm, Tc, and Td measurement was calculated according to previous studies: Dm .92 (.80–.97), cv 6.5%, SEM 7.35%; Tc .92 (.80–.96), cv 4.4%, SEM 4.37%; Td .93 (.84–.97), cv 3.4%, SEM 2.89% [ 19 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle contraction time after caffeine intake is faster after 30 minutes than after 60 minutes

Pakosz,

Konieczny,

Domaszewski

et al. 2024

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background This study aimed to determine the optimal time point, either 30 or 60 minutes, at which muscle reactivity to caffeine administration is highest. Unlike previous studies that focused on the nervous system response, we employed tensiomyography (TMG) to directly assess the effects of caffeine on muscle fibers. Methods TMG measurements were performed on the gastrocnemius medialis muscle of 42 male athletes who regularly consumed caffeine. Participants received a dose of 6 mg/kg body weight and TMG measurements were taken prior to caffeine intake, as well as 30 and 60 minutes afterward. Results Analysis of TMG parameters including time to contraction (Tc), time delay (Td), and maximal displacement (Dm) revealed that muscles exhibited faster contractions and greater stiffness at the 30-minute mark compared to both pre-caffeine intake and the 60-minute time point. Time exerted a significant main effect on Tc (F(2, 246) = 12.09, p < .001, ή2p = 0.09), Td (F(2, 246) = 3.39, p = .035, ή2p = 0.03), and Dm (F(2, 246) = 6.83, p = .001, ή2p = 0.05), while no significant effect of body side was observed. Conclusions The findings indicate that muscle contraction time (Tc) and delay time (Td) are influenced by the time elapsed since caffeine ingestion, with the fastest responses occurring after 30 minutes. Additionally, a systemic effect of caffeine was observed, as there were no discernible differences in measurements between the two sides of the body. TMG proves to be an effective noninvasive method for assessing muscle responses following caffeine administration.

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“…Tensiomyography (TMG) emerges as a promising non-invasive tool for evaluating mechanical muscle parameters in football players ( Gil et al, 2015 ; García-García et al, 2016 ; Ðorđević et al, 2022 ). Its practicality, cost-effectiveness, and independence from voluntary effort during testing make it an attractive option ( Šimunič, 2012 ; Pakosz et al, 2021 ). TMG assesses muscle function by measuring parameters such as maximal displacement (Dm), contraction time (Tc), delay time (Td), sustain time (Ts), and relaxation time (Tr).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in hamstring contractile properties during the competitive season in young football players

Pakosz,

Konieczny,

Domaszewski

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Background The study aimed to examine alterations and imbalances in hamstring muscle contractile properties among young football players throughout their competitive season, and to understand how these changes might contribute to the risk of muscle injuries. Hamstring injuries are particularly common in football, yet the underlying causes and effective prevention methods remain unclear. Methods The research involved 74 young footballers who were assessed before the season (pre-test) and after 12 weeks of training (post-test). To evaluate changes in hamstring muscle contractile properties, specifically the left and right biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST), tensiomyography (TMG) parameters were utilized. Results In comparison to the BF muscle, significant differences in time delay (Td) between the left and right sides in the post-test (p = 0.0193), and maximal displacement (Dm) between the left and right sides at the pre-test (p = 0.0395). However, significant differences in Dm were observed only in the left ST muscle between the pre- and post-tests (p = 0.0081). Regarding lateral symmetry, BF registered measurements of 79.7 ± 13.43 (pre-test) and 77.4 ± 14.82 (post-test), whereas ST showed measurements of 87.0 ± 9.79 (pre-test) and 87.5 ± 9.60 (post-test). Conclusions These assessments provided TMG reference data for hamstring muscles in young footballers, both before the season and after 12 weeks of in-season training. The observed changes in the contractile properties and decrease in lateral symmetry of the BF in both tests suggest an increased risk of injury.

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Asymmetry and changes in the neuromuscular profile of short-track athletes as a result of strength training

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Upper Body Posture Investigation in Young Track and Field Athletes

Upper Body Posture Investigation in Young Track and Field Athletes

Muscle contraction time after caffeine intake is faster after 30 minutes than after 60 minutes

Changes in hamstring contractile properties during the competitive season in young football players

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