Asymmetrical folding in the Hawick Rocks of the Galloway area, Southern Uplands

Stringer, Peter; Treagus, J. E.

doi:10.1144/sjg17020129

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…This is not so obviously the case in Britain, where a total of around 1500 km of sinistral strike-slip movements may have taken place in Scotland along the Great Glen, Highland Boundary, Southern Upland and other faults. The evidence of sinistral strike-slip is twofOld: first, the results of detailed structural studies (Stringer & Treagus 1981, Anderson 1986, Kemp 1986, Knipe et al 1986) performed in the vicinity of the major faults and within the Southern Uplands, and secondly the provenance of clasts in conglomerates adjacent to these faults. Bluck (1983Bluck ( , 1984 has summarized the sedimentary provenance of conglomerate clasts along both margins of the Midland Valley.…”

Section: Strike-slip Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of the Iapetus Ocean from the Arenig to the Wenlock

McKerrow¹

1988

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In addition to the large continents of N America, Scandinavia and Gondwana, the regions around the early Palaeozoic Iapetus Ocean contained several small terranes. These included an island arc, which collided with various parts of N America to produce, in succession, the Grampian, Humberian and Taconic orogenies. They also included the terrane of Avalonia, a later Precambrian arc which had rifted off a margin of Gondwana by the middle Ordovician. Large sinistral strike-slip faults in Scotland suggest a total displacement of around 1500 km, so that by the Silurian an elongate Scotland lay to the W of Norway. Continental collisions took place in three stages: a Llandovery stage, perhaps related to eastward subduction below Svalbard, when W-verging nappes were emplaced in E Greenland, a later Silurian (Scandian) stage when westward subduction below Scotland can be related to E-verging nappes in Norway, and an early Devonian stage when Avalonia collided with N America (Acadian orogeny).

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Section: Strike-slip Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of the Iapetus Ocean from the Arenig to the Wenlock

McKerrow¹

1988

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“…Since the Southern Uplands has been affected by an element of sinistral shear during its formation (Stringer & Treagus 1981;Anderson 1987) an alternative source area for the granite clasts must be sought further to the SW. The Rockall Bank has a basement of Lewisian gneiss, which has been affected by Grenville thermal events in the south (Miller et al 1973), but can be considered as a continuation of the crust of NW Scotland (Moorbath & Welke 1968).…”

Section: Scotland and Irelandmentioning

confidence: 99%

The provenance of granite boulders in conglomerates of the Northern and Central Belts of the Southern Uplands of Scotland

Elders

1987

JGS

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Rb–Sr whole rock isochrons from several suites of granite boulders which occur in Ordovician and Silurian conglomerates in the Southern Uplands of Scotland yield ages of around 1200 Ma, 600 to 700 Ma and 470 to 490 Ma. The plutonic and tectonic history recorded by these clasts corresponds more closely with that of NW Newfoundland than with that of Scotland. The petrography of the clasts can also be matched with exposed granite plutons in Newfoundland. Since the conglomerates were derived from the NW it is concluded that the Southern Uplands lay to the SE of Newfoundland. A total of 1500 km strike-slip displacement occurred between the Caradoc and the Early Devonian, consistent with oblique subduction of the Iapetus Ocean below the North American continental margin.

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“…Anderson & Cameron, 1979;Anderson & Oliver, 1986;Anderson, 1987), southwestern Scotland (e.g. Stringer & Treagus, 1980, 1981Anderson & Oliver, 1986;Kemp, 1986Kemp, , 1987Barnes, Anderson & McCurry, 1987;Stone, 1995Stone, , 1996Lintern & Floyd, 2000) and inland regions of the Southern Uplands (e.g. Phillips et al 1995;Stone, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nature and regional significance of structures in the Gala Group of the Southern Uplands terrane, Berwickshire coast, southeastern Scotland

2002

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Structures deforming Llandovery turbidites of the Gala Group in the Southern Uplands terrane are spectacularly exposed in the Berwickshire coastal section, southeastern Scotland. The upward-facing, upright to NW-vergent folds and associated structures appear to record a single regional phase of subhorizontal NW–SE contractional deformation, with a steeply dipping direction of bulk finite extension. These structures are markedly different from those developed in rocks correlated with the Upper Llandovery Hawick Group exposed some 5 km to the south in the Eyemouth–Burnmouth coastal section. Here a highly domainal system of sinistral transpressional strain occurs, with zones of steeply plunging curvilinear folds, clockwise cleavage transection and bedding-parallel sinistral detachment faults. The markedly different bulk strain patterns in the Berwickshire coastal sections are thought to reflect the regionally diachronous nature of transpressional deformation in the Southern Uplands terrane. There are striking similarities in the structures recognized in the Berwickshire coastal sections and those developed in stratigraphically equivalent units along strike in southwestern Scotland and Northern Ireland. This confirms the lateral structural continuity and correlation of tracts and tract boundaries along the entire length of the Southern Uplands terrane. The regional structure suggests that a phase of top-to-the-NW backthrusting and backfolding associated with the southern margin of the Gala Group outcrop marks the transition from orthogonal contraction to sinistral transpression in the Southern Upland thrust wedge during late Llandovery times.

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Asymmetrical folding in the Hawick Rocks of the Galloway area, Southern Uplands

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

The development of the Iapetus Ocean from the Arenig to the Wenlock

The development of the Iapetus Ocean from the Arenig to the Wenlock

The provenance of granite boulders in conglomerates of the Northern and Central Belts of the Southern Uplands of Scotland

The nature and regional significance of structures in the Gala Group of the Southern Uplands terrane, Berwickshire coast, southeastern Scotland

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