Asymmetric multilevel outphasing transmitter using class-E PAs with discrete pulse width modulation

Chung, Suk Bum; Godoy, Philip A.; Barton, Taylor W.; Perreault, David J.; Dawson, Joel L.

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2010.5514707

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The works in [30], [31] studied the optimization of the amplitude levels using signal statistics, showing substantial improvement over standard OP. An asymmetric ML-OP structure, where the component signals can have different amplitudes, was introduced to improve efficiency in [32], [33]. Similar to the multilevel approach, a multi-mode architecture was proposed, where the outphasing decomposition is only carried out for certain signal amplitudes [34], [35].…”

Section: A Background and State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multilevel Outphasing With Over-the-Air Combining in Large Antenna Arrays

Lampu,

Xu,

Brihuega

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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This article investigates the feasibility of combinerless multilevel outphasing transmitter as a potential architecture for large millimeter-wave (mmWave) phased arrays. We consider two distinct ways of distributing the component signals to the antennas and develop a model for the received signal at each radiated spatial direction from a phased array. Based on the received signal model, we derive expressions for the signal-to-distortion ratio as well as total power experienced at each spatial direction. Furthermore, antenna branch mismatches, overload distortion and quantization are considered, and an analytical model for the signal-to-distortion ratio at the intended receiver is derived. We additionally establish a model for comparing the achievable energy efficiency to those of the relevant reference methods. Extensive numerical experiments are carried out to verify the analytical works, and to assess the commonly used metrics of error vector magnitude (EVM) and total radiated power adjacent channel leakage ratio (TRP-ACLR). It is shown that the combinerless architecture is a valid option for mmWave phased arrays, demonstrating favorable EVM results and TRP-ACLR beyond the 28 dBc limit imposed by the 3GPP, even in the presence of the considered distortions. The conducted energy efficiency assessment shows that efficiency of the reference methods can be exceeded with sufficient amount of outphasing levels. The considered architecture is thus an interesting alternative for addressing the linearity vs. energy-efficiency challenge in mmWave phased-array systems.

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Section: A Background and State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An ML-OP variant with three component signals, termed tri-phasing, was proposed and implemented in [36], [37], to improve the linearity by addressing issues such as pulse swallowing and harmonic spreading. Various OP and ML-OP architectures have been successfully implemented, e.g., in [25], [33], [37]- [40].…”

Section: A Background and State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilevel Outphasing With Over-the-Air Combining in Large Antenna Arrays

Lampu,

Xu,

Brihuega

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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“…Outphasing transmitter with discrete PWM [29] improves the transmitter power efficiency by combining outphasing and PWM, but the outphasing requires very fine resolution. High-fidelity analog/RF front-end, therefore, is required.…”

Section: Digital Outphasing Transmitter Architecture Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Multiband Digital Outphasing Transmitter Architecture Using Multidimensional Power Coding

Chung

Shinjo

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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All-digital outphasing transmitter architecture using multidimensional power coding (MDPC) is proposed for non-contiguous concurrent multiband transmission with a high power efficiency. MDPC transforms multiband digital baseband signals into multi-bit low-resolution digital signals that drive switching-mode PAs. A prototype digital outphasing transmitter consists of two 1-GHz bandwidth GaN Class-D PAs and a Chireix power combiner. The two GaN PAs are driven by bipolar RF PWM signals, which are transformed from a concurrent dual-band LTE signal by MDPC. The dual-band LTE signal with 15-MHz aggregate channel bandwidth at 240 MHz and 500 MHz frequency band is transmitted with -30 dBc and -37 dBc out-of-band emissions, respectively. Digital outphasing achieves more than two times higher coding efficiency than conventional concurrent dual-band digital transmitters with the same PAs in Class-S operation. Measured power coding efficiencies of 35.4% and 47.1% are observed with outphasing bipolar and 3-level RF PWM signals respectively, which are encoded from the dual-band LTE signal. IEEE MTT Transaction, PA Special IssueThis work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc.; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributions to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. Index Terms-Class-S power amplifier, concurrent dual-band transmitter, inter-band carrier aggregation, power coding, multiband delta-sigma modulator, outphasing.

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“…Due to the high peakto-average power ratio (PAPR), the ef ciency of conventional PA with xed supply voltage at back-off power level is much lower than the peak ef ciency. Besides multi-level LINC (ML-LINC) [1] [2] and envelope-tracking transmitters [3], polar technique [4] [5] is also a very important technique for ef ciency enhancement of PA. In the previous work, switching-mode supply regulators are studied for envelopetracking transmitters due to it's good ef ciency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A linear supply modulator with high dynamic range for polar transmitters in LTE application

Guan

Negra

2012

2012 Asia Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings

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The paper presents an implementation of a linear supply modulator with high dynamic range and bandwidth in polar transmitter for LTE applications. The design starts with the analysis of speci cation requirements for LTE standard signals. Based upon this, a linear supply modulator with power ampli er is designed and implemented in 130 nm technology, achieving a dynamic range of 23 dB and an average ef ciency of 18.0 % at 6 dB back-off power. The performance is also veri ed by using 5 MHz LTE modulated signals without any predistortion techniques. Simulation results show an average EVM of 3.0 % and more than 10 dB margin to spectrum emission mask.

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Asymmetric multilevel outphasing transmitter using class-E PAs with discrete pulse width modulation

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Multilevel Outphasing With Over-the-Air Combining in Large Antenna Arrays

Multilevel Outphasing With Over-the-Air Combining in Large Antenna Arrays

Concurrent Multiband Digital Outphasing Transmitter Architecture Using Multidimensional Power Coding

A linear supply modulator with high dynamic range for polar transmitters in LTE application

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