Asymmetric-Fluidic-Reservoirs Induced High Rectification Nanofluidic Diode

Nandigana, Vishal V. R.; Jo, Kyoo Dong; Timperman, Aaron T.; Aluru, N. R.

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32284-7

“…Several studies 11 , 16 – 21 have since then reported the ICR in synthetic nanopores. It was concluded that the resistance to the ionic current depends on the flow direction, surface charge, and nonuniformity of cross-section of the nanopore 11 , 18 , 22 , 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion transport and current rectification in a charged conical nanopore filled with viscoelastic fluids

Trivedi

¹

,

Nirmalkar

²

2022

Sci Rep

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The ionic current rectification (ICR) is a non-linear current-voltage response upon switching the polarity of the potential across nanopore which is similar to the I–V response in the semiconductor diode. The ICR phenomenon finds several potential applications in micro/nano-fluidics (e.g., Bio-sensors and Lab-on-Chip applications). From a biological application viewpoint, most biological fluids (e.g., blood, saliva, mucus, etc.) exhibit non-Newtonian visco-elastic behavior; their rheological properties differ from Newtonian fluids. Therefore, the resultant flow-field should show an additional dependence on the rheological material properties of viscoelastic fluids such as fluid relaxation time $$(\lambda )$$ ( λ ) and fluid extensibility $$(\varepsilon )$$ ( ε ) . Despite numerous potential applications, the comprehensive investigation of the viscoelastic behavior of the fluid on ionic concentration profile and ICR phenomena has not been attempted. ICR phenomena occur when the length scale and Debye layer thickness approaches to the same order. Therefore, this work extensively investigates the effect of visco-elasticity on the flow and ionic mass transfer along with the ICR phenomena in a single conical nanopore. The Poisson–Nernst–Planck (P–N–P) model coupled with momentum equations have been solved for a wide range of conditions such as, Deborah number, $$1\le De \le 100$$ 1 ≤ D e ≤ 100 , Debye length parameter, $$1\le \kappa R_t \le 50$$ 1 ≤ κ R t ≤ 50 , fluid extensibility parameter, $$0.05\le \varepsilon \le 0.25$$ 0.05 ≤ ε ≤ 0.25 , applied electric potential, $$-40\le V \le 40$$ - 40 ≤ V ≤ 40 , and surface charge density $$\sigma = -10$$ σ = - 10 and $$-50$$ - 50 . Limited results for Newtonian fluid ($$De = 0$$ D e = 0 , and $$\varepsilon = 0$$ ε = 0 ) have also been shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of non-Newtonian fluid behaviour over the Newtonian fluid behaviour. Four distinct novel characteristics of electro-osmotic flow (EOF) in a conical nanopore have been investigated here, namely (1) detailed structure of flow field and velocity distribution in viscoelastic fluids (2) influence of Deborah number and fluid extensibility parameter on ionic current rectification (ICR) (3) volumetric flow rate calculation as a function of Deborah number and fluid extensibility parameter (4) effect of viscoelastic parameters on concentration distribution of ions in the nanopore. At high applied voltage, both the extensibility parameter and Deborah number facilitate the ICR phenomena. In addition, the ICR phenomena are observed to be more pronounced at low values of $$\kappa R_t$$ κ R t than the high values of $$\kappa R_t$$ κ R t . This effect is due to the overlapping of the electric double layer at low values of $$\kappa R_t$$ κ R t .

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“…In a pioneer study of Wei et al 15 , the ICR phenomena have been observed for the flow of a KCl solution in a silica nanopore. Several studies 11,[16][17][18][19][20][21] have since then reported the ICR in synthetic nanopores. It was concluded that the resistance to the ionic current depends on the flow direction, surface charge, and nonuniform cross-section of the nanopore.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion transport in a charged conical nanopore filled with viscoelastic fluids: ion current rectification

Trivedi

¹

,

Nirmalkar

²

2021

Preprint

0

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The ionic current rectification (ICR) is a non-linear current-voltage response upon switching the polarity of the potential across nanopore, similar to the I-V response in the semiconductor diode. The ICR phenomenon finds several potential applications in micro/nano-fluidics (e.g., Bio-sensors and Lab-on-Chip applications). From a biological application viewpoint, most biological fluids (e.g., blood, saliva, mucus, etc.) exhibit non-Newtonian visco-elastic behavior; their rheological properties differ from Newtonian fluids. Therefore, the resultant flow-field should show an additional dependence on the rheological material properties of viscoelastic fluids such as fluid relaxation time (λ) and fluid extensibility (ε). Despite numerous potential applications, the comprehensive investigation of the viscoelastic behavior of the fluid on ionic concentration profile and ICR phenomena has not been attempted. ICR phenomena occur when the length scale and Debye layer thickness approaches of the same order. Therefore, this work extensively investigates the effect of viscoelasticity on the flow and ionic mass transfer along with the ICR phenomena in a single conical nanopore. The Poisson-Nernst-Planck (P-N-P) model coupled with momentum equations have been solved, for a wide range of conditions Deborah number, 1 ≤ De ≤ 100, Debye length parameter, 1 ≤ κRt ≤ 50, fluid extensibility parameter, 0.05 ≤ ε ≤ 0.25, applied electric potential, −40 ≤V ≤ 40, and surface charge density σ = −10 and −50. Four distinct novel characteristics of electro-osmotic flow (EOF) in a conical nanopore have been investigated here, namely (1) detailed structure of flow field and velocity distribution in viscoelastic fluids (2) influence of Deborah number and fluid extensibility parameter on ionic current rectification (ICR) (3) volumetric flow rate calculation as a function of Deborah number and fluid extensibility parameter (4) effect of viscoelastic parameters on concentration distribution of ions in the nanopore. At high applied voltage, both the extensibility parameter and Deborah number facilitate the ICR phenomena. In addition, the ICR phenomena are observed to be more pronounced at low values of κRt than the high values of κRt . This effect is due to the overlapping of the electric double layer at low values of κRt.

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“…The rectification and control of flows have been extensively studied [15,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] for various types of small scale systems. Particularly, interest in rectification at the nano-scale has rapidly grown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electro-osmotic diode based on colloidal nano-valves between double membranes

Koyama,

Inoue,

Okada

et al. 2021

Preprint

0

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The rectification of electro-osmotic flows is important in micro/nano fluidics applications such as micro-pumps and energy conversion devices. Here, we propose a simple electro-osmotic diode in which colloidal particles are contained between two parallel membranes with different pore densities. While the flow in the forward direction just pushes the colloidal particles toward the highpore-density membrane, the backward flow is blocked by the particles near the low-pore-density membrane, which clog the pores. Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations show a strong nonlinear dependence on the electric field for both the electric current and electro-osmotic flow, indicating diode characteristics. A mathematical model to reproduce the electro-osmotic diode behavior is constructed, introducing an effective pore diameter as a model for pores clogged by the colloidal particles. Good agreement is obtained between the proposed model with estimated parameter values and the results of direct molecular dynamics simulations. The proposed electro-osmotic diode has potential application in downsized microfluidic pumps, e.g., the pump induced under AC electric fields.

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Asymmetric-Fluidic-Reservoirs Induced High Rectification Nanofluidic Diode

Cited by 25 publications

References 43 publications

Ion transport and current rectification in a charged conical nanopore filled with viscoelastic fluids

Ion transport and current rectification in a charged conical nanopore filled with viscoelastic fluids

Ion transport in a charged conical nanopore filled with viscoelastic fluids: ion current rectification

Electro-osmotic diode based on colloidal nano-valves between double membranes

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