Asymmetric Development of the Hippocampal Region Is Common: A Fetal MR Imaging Study

Bajic, Dragan; Moreira, Nuno Canto; Wikström, Johan; Raininko, Raili

doi:10.3174/ajnr.a2814

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For example, our detected hippocampal abnormalities ranged from small size (but normal shape) to actual alterations in shape/orientation (also known as hippocampal malrotation). [23–27] Recent neuropathology literature demonstrates that a range of subtle hippocampal asymmetries or microdysgenesis exist that involve alterations of the degree of convolutions and histological alterations of the dentate gyrus that lead to gross morphological changes that overlap with our identified neuroimaging spectrum of abnormalities. [38–41]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22] Hippocampal abnormalities (hypoplasia/malrotation/inversion) were identified as previously described on coronal T1 and T2 images. [23–27] Brainstem dysplasia including either hyperplasia/hypoplasia and asymmetry/disproportion of the any part of the brainstem (medulla, pons, midbrain) using sagittal and axial T1/T2 imaging based on prior studies by Barkovich et al[28] Corpus callosum dysplasia included asymmetry/disproportion of different portions of the corpus callosal (genu, body, splenium, rostrum), or overall abnormal “arching” or morphology best identified on Sagittal T1/T2 imaging as previously described by Barkovich et al [29] A Composite Brain Dysplasia (CBD) index was created with one point given for each positive finding in any of thirteen measurements including: hypoplasia in cerebellar hemispheres and vermis; dysplasia in cerebellar hemispheres and vermis; supratentorial extra-axial fluid; dysmorphometry of left and right olfactory bulbs and sulci; abnormalities in hippocampus and choroid plexus; malformation of corpus callosum; and brainstem dysplasia. Brain maturation and injury were assessed using the method described by Licht et al [30] to score 2 measurements: myelination and cortical in folding.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain Dysplasia Associated with Ciliary Dysfunction in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Panigrahy

Lee

Ceschin

et al. 2016

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objective To test for associations between abnormal respiratory ciliary motion (CM) and brain abnormalities in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) Study design We recruited 35 infants with CHD preoperatively and performed nasal tissue biopsy to assess respiratory CM by videomicroscopy. Cranial ultrasound and brain magnetic resonance imaging were obtained pre- and/or post-operatively and systematically reviewed for brain abnormalities. Segmentation was used to quantitate cerebrospinal fluid and regional brain volumes. Perinatal and perioperative clinical variables were collected. Results A total of 10 (28.5%) patients with CHD had abnormal CM. Abnormal CM was not associated with brain injury, but was correlated with increased extra-axial CSF volume (p<0.001), delayed brain maturation (p<0.05), and a spectrum of subtle dysplasia including the hippocampus (p<0.0078) and olfactory bulb (p<0.034). Abnormal CM was associated with higher composite dysplasia score (p<0.001) and both were correlated with elevated pre-operative serum lactate (p <0.001). Conclusion Abnormal respiratory CM in infants with CHD is associated with a spectrum of brain dysplasia. These findings suggest that ciliary defects may play a role in brain dysplasia in patients with CHD and have the potential to prognosticate neurodevelopmental risks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Dysplasia Associated with Ciliary Dysfunction in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Panigrahy

Lee

Ceschin

et al. 2016

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…In part, this uncertainty reflects divergent conclusions of prior investigators regarding the frequency of HIMAL in the general population and patients with epilepsy, possibly reflecting divergent application of the subjective criteria that constitute HIMAL 21, 22 . We find that the subjective identification of HIMAL by experienced readers can be predicted with high accuracy through quantitative measurement of the individual component features of HIMAL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of Medial Temporal Lobe Morphology in Children with Febrile Status Epilepticus: Results of the FEBSTAT Study

McClelland¹,

Gomes²,

Shinnar³

et al. 2016

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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Purpose The pathogenesis of febrile status epilepticus is poorly understood, but prior studies suggest an association with temporal lobe abnormalities including hippocampal malrotation. We employ a quantitative morphometric method to assess the association between temporal lobe morphology and febrile status epilepticus. Methods Brain MR imaging was obtained in children presenting with febrile status epilepticus and control subjects as part of the FEBSTAT study. Medial temporal lobe morphologic parameters were measured manually, including distance of the hippocampus from midline, hippocampal height:width ratio, hippocampal angle, collateral sulcus angle, and width of the temporal horn. Results Temporal lobe morphologic parameters are correlated with presence of visual hippocampal malrotation; the strongest association is with left temporal horn width (p < 0.001, Adjusted OR 10.59). Multiple morphologic parameters correlate with febrile status epilepticus, encompassing both right and left sides. This association is statistically strongest in the right temporal lobe, whereas hippocampal malrotation is almost exclusively left-sided in this cohort. The association between temporal lobe measurements and febrile status epilepticus persists when the analysis is restricted to cases with visually normal imaging without hippocampal malrotation or other visually apparent abnormality. Conclusions Several component morphological features of hippocampal malrotation are independently associated with febrile status epilepticus, even when complete hippocampal malrotation is absent. Unexpectedly, this association predominantly involves the right temporal lobe. These findings suggest that a spectrum of bilateral temporal lobe anomalies are associated with febrile status epilepticus in children. Hippocampal malrotation may represent a visually apparent subset of this spectrum.

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“…We found that IHI and decreased HIA are not rare findings in pediatric patient groups with seizures. There are a number of studies evaluating hippocampal shape and development in the literature (1,5,(13)(14)(15)(16), which show that HIA increases gradually to a horizontal position from a vertical one over the course of hippocampal infolding. IHI was reported with a higher frequency in patients with epilepsy (2,8,11,12) and, in a recent study, in prolonged febrile seizures (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of hippocampal infolding angle and incomplete hippocampal inversion in pediatric patients with epilepsy and febrile seizures

Acay¹,

Köken²,

Ünlü³

et al. 2017

Diagn Interv Radiol

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Asymmetric Development of the Hippocampal Region Is Common: A Fetal MR Imaging Study

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Hippocampal development is poorly understood. This study evaluated the normal development of the hippocampal region during the fetal period by using MR imaging.

Cited by 33 publications

References 18 publications

Brain Dysplasia Associated with Ciliary Dysfunction in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Brain Dysplasia Associated with Ciliary Dysfunction in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease

Quantitative Evaluation of Medial Temporal Lobe Morphology in Children with Febrile Status Epilepticus: Results of the FEBSTAT Study

Evaluation of hippocampal infolding angle and incomplete hippocampal inversion in pediatric patients with epilepsy and febrile seizures

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