Astrovirus Outbreak in an Animal Shelter Associated With Feline Vomiting

Li, Yanpeng; Gordon, Emilia; Idle, Amanda; Hui, Alvin; Chan, Roxanne; Seguin, M. Alexis; Delwart, Eric

doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.628082

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Here, although astrovirus shedding was detected in healthy controls, the prevalence of astrovirus in FPV‐cases was significantly higher. Recently, feline astrovirus infection was associated with acute gastroenteritis in shelter‐housed cats, where 91% of affected cats and 56% of healthy cats were found to be shedding feline astrovirus (Li et al., 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are conflicting reports on the prevalence of detection of bocaparvoviruses in cats with enteritis. These viruses have been detected in the faeces of cats with and without diarrhoea and in the oropharynx of healthy cats (Abayli, 2021; Li, 2020; Yi et al., 2018). In our study, feline bocaparvovirus 2 and feline bocaparvovirus 3 were both detected at a significantly higher prevalence in the faeces of FPV‐cases compared to healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to other studies, co‐infections with other enteric viruses were commonplace (Di Profio, 2021; Li, 2020). While feline chaphamaparvovirus has been detected in faecal or oropharyngeal samples from healthy cats elsewhere (Abayli, 2021; Di Profio, 2021), there is some evidence that feline chaphamaparvovirus may have pathogenic potential as a co‐pathogen rather than as a single agent. Indeed, one study detected feline chaphamaparvovirus in 14/38 (36.8%) sick cats with acute gastroenteritis and 1/51 (2%) controls and all but one of the positive sick cats were co‐infected with FPV, feline kobuvirus and/or feline norovirus (Di Profio, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The enteric virome of cats with feline panleukopenia differs in abundance and diversity from healthy cats

Brussel

Wang

Shī

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Feline panleukopenia (FPL) is a severe, often fatal disease caused by feline panleukopenia virus (FPV). How infection with FPV might impact the composition of the entire eukaryotic enteric virome in cats has not been characterized. We used meta‐transcriptomic and viral particle enrichment metagenomic approaches to characterize the enteric viromes of 23 cats naturally infected with FPV (FPV‐cases) and 36 age‐matched healthy shelter cats (healthy controls). Sequencing reads from mammalian infecting viral families largely belonged to the Coronaviridae, Parvoviridae and Astroviridae. The most abundant viruses among the healthy control cats were feline coronavirus, Mamastrovirus 2 and Carnivore bocaparvovirus 3 (feline bocavirus), with frequent coinfections of all three. Feline chaphamaparvovirus was only detected in healthy controls (6 out of 36, 16.7%). Among the FPV‐cases, in addition to FPV, the most abundant viruses were Mamastrovirus 2, feline coronavirus and C. bocaparvovirus 4 (feline bocaparvovirus 2). The latter and feline bocaparvovirus 3 were detected significantly more frequently in FPV‐cases than in healthy controls. Feline calicivirus was present in a higher proportion of FPV‐cases (11 out of 23, 47.8%) compared to healthy controls (5 out of 36, 13.9%, p = 0.0067). Feline kobuvirus infections were also common among FPV‐cases (9 out of 23, 39.1%) and were not detected in any healthy controls (p < .0001). While abundant in both groups, astroviruses were more frequently present in FPV‐cases (19 out of 23, 82.6%) than in healthy controls (18 out of 36, p = .0142). The differences in eukaryotic virome composition revealed here indicate that further investigations are warranted to determine associations between enteric viral co‐infections on clinical disease severity in cats with FPL.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The enteric virome of cats with feline panleukopenia differs in abundance and diversity from healthy cats

Brussel

Wang

Shī

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Identification of Astrovirus in the virome of the upper and lower respiratory tracts of calves with acute signs of bronchopneumonia

Gaudino,

Salem,

Ducatez

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

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Bovine Astroviruses (BAstV) are small single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that have been historically associated with the infection of the enteric tract in cattle, causing outbreaks of diarrhea, especially in young immunologically naive calves. Long neglected, BAstV have recently regained interest as they have been associated with several nonsuppurative encephalitis cases in cattle as well as in other species. Yet, the difficulty in isolating the virus in conventional cell cultures prevents a full understanding of BAstV tropism and pathogenesis in this species. Here, we describe the metagenomic identification of BAstV in the respiratory tract of calves affected by respiratory distress in French farms. BastV were prevalently detected in the lower respiratory tract of sick calves; however, molecular testing of further cohorts of respiratory samples highlighted their presence also in nasal swabs. Phylogenetic analyses revealed two divergent clades for neurotropic and enteric BAstV, suggesting that their tropism is likely to be strain-specific. BAstV detected in the respiratory tract of calves with respiratory disease were genetically related to enteric strains already described in cattle in Asia, displaying between 85% and 95% nucleotide identity. In addition, the sequences from France belonged to the clade of BAstV identified in yaks, roe deer, and camelids, underlining the interspecies transmission potential of the virus. More studies are warranted to understand if BAstV have a potential role in the onset of bovine respiratory disease. IMPORTANCE Astroviruses (AstV) are known suspects of enteric disease in humans and livestock. Recently, AstV have been linked to encephalitis in immunocompromised patients and other animals, such as cattle, minks, and swine. In our study, we also identified AstV in the respiratory samples of calves with signs of bronchopneumonia, suggesting that their tropism could be even broader. We obtained one bovine AstV (BAstV) complete genome sequence by next-generation sequencing and showed that respiratory and enteric AstV from different species formed a divergent genetic cluster with AstV isolated from encephalitis cases, indicating that tropism might be strain-specific. These data provide further insight into understanding the biology of these understudied pathogens and suggest BAstV as a potential new candidate for bovine respiratory disease.

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A Survey on Vaccination and Disease Occurrence in Municipal and Non-Profit Animal Shelters in Portugal

Marques,

Gomes-Neves,

Baptista

et al. 2023

Animals

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Few studies are available describing animal shelters in Portugal. The aim was to characterize prophylactic measures and disease occurrence in shelters with a questionnaire. The response rates of 67 shelters (42 municipal shelters, 25 associations) were compared by the Fisher’s exact test. More veterinarians answered for municipal shelters (98%) than for associations (40%; p < 0.001). Over 80% of the respondents indicated using individual medical records and routine prophylaxis. Excessive length of stay for dogs was reported by 54% of associations and 33% of municipal shelters. Management tools should be promoted to improve the situation. Puppy vaccinations were similar and a final vaccination at 16 weeks was indicated by >33% of shelters. Annual revaccination of dogs was reported more frequently by associations (88%) than municipal shelters (55%; p = 0.02). The three most reported diseases were parvovirus and mange in dogs, upper respiratory disease and panleukopenia in cats, and dermatophytosis in both species. Similar response rates for diagnostic options were obtained by both shelter types, except for distemper. Testing for feline retroviruses was indicated by most shelters (>69%), but only a few (<24%) confirmed positive test results. Clinical diagnoses should be complemented by testing. Additional information on disease occurrence should be obtained by objective monitoring.

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Astrovirus Outbreak in an Animal Shelter Associated With Feline Vomiting

Cited by 5 publications

References 61 publications

The enteric virome of cats with feline panleukopenia differs in abundance and diversity from healthy cats

The enteric virome of cats with feline panleukopenia differs in abundance and diversity from healthy cats

Identification of Astrovirus in the virome of the upper and lower respiratory tracts of calves with acute signs of bronchopneumonia

A Survey on Vaccination and Disease Occurrence in Municipal and Non-Profit Animal Shelters in Portugal

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