Astronomical Applications of Multi-Core Fiber Technology

Jovanović, Nemanja; Harris, Robert J.; Cvetojevic, Nick

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2020.2975636

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…We show some examples in figure 8. It is important to highlight complementary technologies such as fan-ins [157] and 3D-printed microlenses [82,159,160] to couple light to each core/channel and to increase coupling efficiency and decrease the gaps in the IFU have seen tremendous advances. Nevertheless, developing broadband low-loss complementary technologies with a large-number of spatial channels remains a challenge and an active area of research.…”

Section: Current and Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2023 Astrophotonics Roadmap: pathways to realizing multi-functional integrated astrophotonic instruments

Jovanovic,

Gatkine,

Anugu

et al. 2023

J. Phys. Photonics

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Photonic technologies offer numerous functionalities that can be used to realize astrophotonic instruments. The most spectacular example to date is the ESO Gravity instrument at the Very Large Telescope in Chile that combines the light-gathering power of four 8-m telescopes through a complex photonic interferometer. Fully integrated astrophotonic devices offer critical advantages for instrument development, including extreme miniaturization when operating at the diffraction-limit, plus integration, superior thermal and mechanical stabilization owing to the small footprint, and high replicability offering significant cost savings. Numerous astrophotonic technologies have been developed to address shortcomings of conventional instruments to date, including the development of photonic lanterns to convert from multimode inputs to single mode outputs, complex aperiodic fiber Bragg gratings to filter OH emission from the atmosphere, beam combiners enabling long baseline interferometry with for example, ESO Gravity, and laser frequency combs for high precision spectral calibration of spectrometers. Despite these successes, the facility implementation of photonic solutions in astronomical instrumentation is currently limited because of 1) low throughputs from coupling to fibers, coupling fibers to chips, propagation and bend losses, device losses, etc., 2) difficulties with scaling to large channel count devices needed for large bandwidths and high resolutions, and 3) efficient integration of photonics with detectors. In this roadmap, we identify 23 key areas that need further development. We outline the challenges and advances needed across those areas covering design tools, simulation capabilities, fabrication processes, the need for entirely new components, integration and hybridization and the characterization of devices. To realize these advances the astrophotonics community will have to work cooperatively with industrial partners who have more advanced manufacturing capabilities. With the advances described herein, multi-functional integrated instruments will be realized leading to novel observing capabilities for both ground and space based platforms, enabling new scientific studies and discoveries.

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Section: Current and Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2023 Astrophotonics Roadmap: pathways to realizing multi-functional integrated astrophotonic instruments

Jovanovic,

Gatkine,

Anugu

et al. 2023

J. Phys. Photonics

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“…Contrarily, fiber-feed spectrographs can be remotely mounted at a stable location for the telescope by routing thousands of fibers to a spectrograph. For each pointing, the reconfiguration of the fibers at the focal plane is convenient (Jovanovic et al 2020). Thus, the fiber-feed approach is considered more versatile (Azzaro et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Calibration of theta-phi Fiber Positioners Based on the Differential Evolution Algorithm

Zhang,

Huang,

Chen

et al. 2024

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Robotic fiber positioner (RFP) arrays are commonly adopted in multiobject spectroscopic instruments. The positioning accuracy is a common but vital issue for RFP as inaccurate fiber placement may heavily affect the observation performance. The calibration of RFP can effectively improve the positioning accuracy. Least-square is a widely used calibration method. However, it has disadvantages, such as sensitivity to the initial values and calculation complexity. To improve the positioning accuracy and reduce the iteration moves, we propose a new calibration method based on the differential evolution algorithm and verify it by calibrating the RFP of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopy Telescope. We first build the kinematic models of the RFP based on the Denavit–Hartenberg matrix and geometry relationship. Then, we analyze the error components and present the proposed calibration algorithms. The experiments are done with the digital universal tool microscope 19JC and the errors are calculated using the distance between the positions of achieved and target. Results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve higher accuracy than the least-square method and the average positioning accuracy is improved by 78.94% after calibration. Combined with the “pulse reduction” strategy and close-loop compensation, after two moves, the positioners can place the fiber ends within 40 μm of the intended location. The proposed calibration method is also suitable for other similar theta-phi positioners.

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“…On the one hand, although the price of MCF is a little higher than single-mode fiber (SMF), it is acceptable for relative precision applications. On the other hand, with the maturity of MCF production technology and the increase in market demand [ 23 ], its cost will gradually decrease [ 24 , 25 ]. Through the S-type series connection of fan-in and fan-out, we achieved the object of not changing the hardware structure of sensing systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Space-Division Multiplexing Method for Fading Noise Suppression in the Φ-OTDR System

Zhang

Liu

Xiong

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Phase-sensitive time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) can be used for fully distributed long-distance vibration monitoring. There is a fading phenolmenon in the Φ-OTDR, which will cause the signal intensity somewhere to be too low to extract the phase of the signal without distortion. In this paper, the Φ-OTDR based on space-division multiplexing (SDM) is proposed to suppress fading and we used multi-core optical fiber (MCF) to realize SDM. While inheriting the previous optimization strategy, we proposed a strategy based on frequency spectral similarity to process multiple independent signals obtained by SDM. And we compared the two methods. Through the experiments, the distortion rate can be reduced from an average level of 9.34% to less than 2% under continuous running of 270 s, which proves that SDM is a reliable technical route to achieve fading suppression. This method can effectively improve the fading suppression capability of the existed commercial systems.

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Astronomical Applications of Multi-Core Fiber Technology

Cited by 8 publications

References 69 publications

2023 Astrophotonics Roadmap: pathways to realizing multi-functional integrated astrophotonic instruments

2023 Astrophotonics Roadmap: pathways to realizing multi-functional integrated astrophotonic instruments

The Calibration of theta-phi Fiber Positioners Based on the Differential Evolution Algorithm

A Space-Division Multiplexing Method for Fading Noise Suppression in the Φ-OTDR System

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