Astrocytes Are More Vulnerable than Neurons to Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticle Toxicity in Vitro

Abstract

Some studies have shown that silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) can reach different regions of the brain and cause toxicity; however, the consequences of SiO2-NPs exposure on the diverse brain cell lineages is limited. We aimed to investigate the neurotoxic effects of SiO2-NP (0–100 µg/mL) on rat astrocyte-rich cultures or neuron-rich cultures using scanning electron microscopy, Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), FTIR microspectroscopy mapping (IQ mapping), and cell viability tests. SiO2-NPs were amorphous particles and aggregated in saline and culture media. Both astrocytes and neurons treated with SiO2-NPs showed alterations in cell morphology and changes in the IR spectral regions corresponding to nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. The analysis by the second derivative revealed a significant decrease in the signal of the amide I (α-helix, parallel β-strand, and random coil) at the concentration of 10 µg/mL in astrocytes but not in neurons. IQ mapping confirmed changes in nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids in astrocytes; cell death was higher in astrocytes than in neurons (10–100 µg/mL). We conclude that astrocytes were more vulnerable than neurons to SiO2-NPs toxicity. Therefore, the evaluation of human exposure to SiO2-NPs and possible neurotoxic effects must be followed up.

Mesoporous Calcium-Silicate Nanoparticles Loaded with Prussian Blue Promotes Enterococcus Faecalis Ferroptosis-Like Death by Regulating Bacterial Redox Pathway ROS/GSH

“… 24 , 25 The strong absorption peaks at 803 cm −1 and 475 cm −1 correspond to the symmetric stretching vibration of the Si-O bond. 26 In addition, UPBNPs-MCSNs have a unique absorption peak, showing a C≡N absorption peak at 2092 cm −1 , which is characteristic of UPBNPs (Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3 ), implying that UPBNPs are successfully loaded to MCSNs. 27 , 28 …”

“…The strong absorption peaks at 803 cm −1 and 475 cm −1 correspond to the symmetric stretching vibration of the Si-O bond. 26 In addition, UPBNPs-MCSNs have a unique absorption peak, showing a C≡N absorption peak at 2092 cm −1 , which is characteristic of UPBNPs (Fe 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3 ), implying that UPBNPs are successfully loaded to MCSNs. 27,28 The thermal stability of MCSNs and UPBNPs-MCSNs in a nitrogen atmosphere at a rate of 10°C/min in the range of room temperature to 1000°C was studied by TGA/DTA (Figure 1K and L).…”

A perspective on persistent toxicants in veterans and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: identifying exposures determining higher ALS risk

“…SiO 2 ) and particulate matter are prevalent [291] Si NPs 7 + nm evoke oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction [292,293] Within neurons, microglia, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes. Greater vulnerability of astrocytes expected [294] Subcellular accumulation in: Mitochondria, axons [295] and Autophagosomes [221,296] Detection of Ti nanorods (versus spherical shape) to determine its industrial origin Ti nanorods are associated with e-waste, while spherical Ti NPs are associated with food sources [297] Storage in autophagosomes [221] Membrane damage, cell cycle interference, reactive oxygen species formation [296] 72…”