Astragalus Polysaccharide Protects Neurons and Stabilizes Mitochondrial in a Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease

Liu, Hong; Chen, Si; Guo, Cunju; Tang, Wenqiang; Liu, Wei; Liu, Yiming

doi:10.12659/msm.908021

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It was confirmed that APS could attenuate MPTP-induced motor dysfunction, increase the proportion of TH-positive cells, reverse MPTP-induced mitochondrial structural damage and reduce MPTP-induced high levels of ROS and increase MPTP-induced decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, APS also decreased the bax/bcl2 ratio and cytochrome-c and caspase-3 protein expression in substantia nigra in a mouse PD model [202]. Similarity, APS was shown to have the protective effect against 6-hydroxydopamine (an oxidative metabolite of dopamine) induced PD, which is likely due to the alleviation of oxidative stress and regulation of the apoptosis pathway and cholinergic system [203] (Figure 6⑧).…”

Section: Pharmacological Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

A Systematic Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics on Astragali Radix: Implications for Astragali Radix as a Personalized Medicine

Guo

Lou

Kong

et al. 2019

IJMS

101

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Astragali radix (AR) is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese herbal medicines. Modern pharmacological studies and clinical practices indicate that AR possesses various biological functions, including potent immunomodulation, antioxidant, anti-inflammation and antitumor activities. To date, more than 200 chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from AR. Among them, isoflavonoids, saponins and polysaccharides are the three main types of beneficial compounds responsible for its pharmacological activities and therapeutic efficacy. After ingestion of AR, the metabolism and biotransformation of the bioactive compounds were extensive in vivo. The isoflavonoids and saponins and their metabolites are the major type of constituents absorbed in plasma. The bioavailability barrier (BB), which is mainly composed of efflux transporters and conjugating enzymes, is expected to have a significant impact on the bioavailability of AR. This review summarizes studies on the phytochemistry, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics on AR. Additionally, the use of AR as a personalized medicine based on the BB is also discussed, which may provide beneficial information to achieve a better and more accurate therapeutic response of AR in clinical practice.

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Section: Pharmacological Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

A Systematic Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics on Astragali Radix: Implications for Astragali Radix as a Personalized Medicine

Guo

Lou

Kong

et al. 2019

IJMS

101

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“…TH was a synthetic rate limiting enzyme of dopaminergic neurons, which was positively correlated with dopaminergic neurons. Accordingly, TH has been speculated to play some important roles in the pathophysiology of PD [19]. Thus, promoting the proliferation of TH-positive cells would help in the prevention and treatment of PD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kaempferol Attenuates LPS-Induced Striatum Injury in Mice Involving Anti-Neuroinflammation, Maintaining BBB Integrity, and Down-Regulating the HMGB1/TLR4 Pathway

Yang

Xiao

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Neuroinflammation has been demonstrated to be linked with Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease, and cerebral ischemia. Our previous investigation had identified that kaempferol (KAE) exerted protective effects on cortex neuron injured by LPS. In this study, the effects and possible mechanism of KAE on striatal dopaminergic neurons induced by LPS in mice were further investigated. The results showed that KAE improved striatal neuron injury, and increased the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) in the striatum of mice. In addition, KAE inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), reduced the level of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the striatum tissues. Furthermore, KAE protected blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and suppressed the activation of the HMGB1/TLR4 inflammatory pathway induced by LPS in striatum tissues of mice. In conclusion, these results suggest that KAE may have neuroprotective effects against striatum injury that is induced by LPS and the possible mechanisms are involved in anti-neuroinflammation, maintaining BBB integrity, and down-regulating the HMGB1/TLR4 pathway.

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“…APS also could restore the morphologic changes induced by oxidative stress [20]. In a mouse Parkinson disease model, APS was reported to provide a protective effect on neurons by maintaining the mitochondrial structure and transmembrane potential [21]. In addition, APS could impede mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit apoptosis in mesenchymal stem cells induced by iron overload [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astragalus Polysaccharide Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Suppressing Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Tang

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug in the treatment of various solid tumors. However, the cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury remains a disturbing complication, which still lacks effective prevention. Cisplatin-induced oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction are anticipated to be crucial in the occurrence of kidney injury. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has been reported to possess multiple biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondria protection. In this study, we investigated the potentially protective effect of APS against cisplatin-induced kidney injury both in vivo and in vitro. We found that APS pretreatment attenuated the cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction and histopathological damage in mice; in addition, it also protected the viability of HK-2 cells upon cisplatin exposure. APS attenuated the cisplatin-induced oxidative damage by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and recovering the activities of total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in mice kidney. In addition, electron microscope analysis indicated that cisplatin induced extensive mitochondrial vacuolization in mice kidney. However, APS administration reversed these mitochondrial morphology changes. In HK-2 cells, APS reduced the cisplatin-induced mitochondrial and intracellular ROS generation. Furthermore, APS protected the normal morphology of mitochondria, blocked the cisplatin-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, and reduced the cytochrome c leakage. Subsequently, APS reduced the cisplatin-induced apoptosis in mice renal and HK-2 cells. In conclusion, our data suggested that APS pretreatment might prevent cisplatin-induced kidney injury through attenuating oxidative damage, protecting mitochondria, and ameliorating mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis.

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Astragalus Polysaccharide Protects Neurons and Stabilizes Mitochondrial in a Mouse Model of Parkinson Disease

Cited by 25 publications

References 36 publications

A Systematic Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics on Astragali Radix: Implications for Astragali Radix as a Personalized Medicine

A Systematic Review of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics on Astragali Radix: Implications for Astragali Radix as a Personalized Medicine

Kaempferol Attenuates LPS-Induced Striatum Injury in Mice Involving Anti-Neuroinflammation, Maintaining BBB Integrity, and Down-Regulating the HMGB1/TLR4 Pathway

Astragalus Polysaccharide Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Suppressing Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

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