Astragaloside IV ameliorates renal injury in db/db mice

Chen

Liu

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

Self Cite

Muscle atrophy is one of the serious complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Dysregulation of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) process, including decrease mitochondrial biogenesis, impair mitochondrial dynamics and induce activation of mitophagy, play an important role in mediating muscle wasting. This study aimed to observe effects of Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen (JPYS) decoction on muscle atrophy in CKD rats and explore its possible mechanism on regulation of MQC processes. The 5/6 nephrectomised rats were randomly allocated into 2 groups: CKD group and JPYS group. Besides, a sham-operated rats as sham group. All rats were treated for 6 weeks. Results showed that administration of JPYS decoction prevented body weight loss, muscle loss, muscle fiber size decrease, muscle protein degradation, and increased muscle protein systhesis. In addition, JPYS decoction increased the mitochondrial content and biogenesis proteins, and down-regulated the autophagy and mitophagy proteins. Furthermore, JPYS decoction increased mitochondrial fusion proteins, while decreased mitochondrial fission proteins. In conclusion, JPYS decoction increased mitochondrial content and biogenesis, restore the balance between fission and fusion, and inhibited autophagy-lysosome pathway (mitophagy). Collectively, our data showed that JPYS decoction to be beneficial to muscle atrophy in CKD, which might be associated with the modulation of MQC process.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: A Chinese herbal formula, Jian-Pi-Yi-Shen decoction, improves muscle atrophy via regulating mitochondrial quality control process in 5/6 nephrectomised rats

Chen

Liu

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

Self Cite

“…AS-IV has been suggested to exert cardiac protection through inhibition of mTORC1 signaling [ 10 ]. Additionally, AS-IV ameliorates renal injury via mTOR inhibition [ 19 ]. Moreover, the Astragalus saponins that contain AS-IV have been shown to exhibit anticancer effects via modulating the mTOR signaling pathway [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astragaloside IV Ameliorates Airway Inflammation in an Established Murine Model of Asthma by Inhibiting the mTORC1 Signaling Pathway

Jin

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

et al. 2017

Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a main active constituent of Astragalus membranaceus, has been confirmed to have antiasthmatic effects. However, it remained unclear whether the beneficial effects of AS-IV on asthma were attributed to the mTOR inhibition; this issue was the focus of the present work. BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin followed with 3 weeks of rest/recovery and then reexposure to ovalbumin. AS-IV was administrated during the time of rest and reexposure. The characteristic features of allergic asthma, including airway hyperreactivity, histopathology, cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, and INF-γ), and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and downstream proteins of mTORC1/2 signaling were examined. AS-IV markedly suppressed airway hyperresponsiveness and reduced IL-4, IL-5, and IL-17 levels and increased INF-γ levels in the BALF. Histological studies showed that AS-IV markedly decreased inflammatory infiltration in the lung tissues. Notably, AS-IV inhibited mTORC1 activity, whereas it had limited effects on mTORC2, as assessed by phosphorylation of mTORC1 and mTORC2 substrates S6 ribosomal protein, p70 S6 Kinase, and Akt, respectively. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in BALF were not significantly changed by AS-IV. Together, these results suggest that the antiasthmatic effects of AS-IV were at least partially from inhibiting the mTORC1 signaling pathway.

“…The detailed procedures of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for muscle were previously reported . Briefly, sections of TA muscle 1 mm 3 in volume were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde followed by postfixation in 1% osmium tetroxide.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resveratrol Improves Muscle Atrophy by Modulating Mitochondrial Quality Control in STZ‐Induced Diabetic Mice

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

Sun

Song

et al. 2018

Self Cite

ScopeIn this study, we aim to determine the effects of resveratrol (RSV) on muscle atrophy in streptozocin‐induced diabetic mice and to explore mitochondrial quality control (MQC) as a possible mechanism.Methods and resultsThe experimental mice were fed either a control diet or an identical diet containing 0.04% RSV for 8 weeks. Examinations were subsequently carried out, including the effects of RSV on muscle atrophy and muscle function, as well as on the signaling pathways related to protein degradation and MQC processes. The results show that RSV supplementation improves muscle atrophy and muscle function, attenuates the increase in ubiquitin and muscle RING‐finger protein‐1 (MuRF‐1), and simultaneously attenuates LC3‐II and cleaved caspase‐3 in the skeletal muscle of diabetic mice. Moreover, RSV treatment of diabetic mice results in an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibition of the activation of mitophagy in skeletal muscle. RSV also protects skeletal muscle against excess mitochondrial fusion and fission in the diabetic mice.ConclusionThe results suggest that RSV ameliorates diabetes‐induced skeletal muscle atrophy by modulating MQC.