Asthma Mortality and Hospitalizations in Mexico from 2010 to 2018: Retrospective Epidemiologic Profile

Abstract

Acute respiratory infections have been established as the principal cause of disease in the Mexican population from 2000 to 2018; however, even when these diseases may aggravate asthma, there is a lack of epidemiologic evidence on the health outcomes when both conditions coexist. Learning about the asthma hospitalizations trends will help us identify monthly variation of hospitalizations, vulnerable groups, needed services, and improvements in therapeutics and prevention. This study aims to analyze the variation in asthma hospitalizations and mortality during the 2010–2018 period in Mexico. Data were obtained from the General Board of Health Information (DGIS) Open Access datasets, which were analyzed taking hospital discharges and hospital deaths recorded from 2010 to 2018 from all public hospitals nationwide. The binomial logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between patient ages, hospitalization month, and mortality. The death rate from asthma in Mexico decreased between 2010 and 2018. Still, the hospital mortality rate shows recent improvement; however, prognosis of hospitalized patients depends on their age, accurate diagnosis, length of hospital stay and occurrence of nosocomial infection.

Asthma in Adult Patients with COVID-19. Prevalence and Risk of Severe Disease

“…In 31 studies conducted in Europe, the prevalence of asthma in patients with COVID-19 was 7.6%, which is 7% lower than the estimated 8.2% prevalence among adults in Europe (161). Likewise, the pooled prevalence of asthma in studies of people with COVID-19 conducted in Mexico (2.9%), Korea (5.4%), and China (1.9%) is similar to, or lower than, estimates from general population surveys in those countries (162)(163)(164). Comparisons of asthma prevalence in studies of people with morbid COVID-19 with that in general population surveys are problematic, with population estimates varying among samples and over time, and with generally no standardization for such factors as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and the methods by which asthma was diagnosed.…”

Trends in hospital admissions and mortality rates for asthma in Ecuador: a joinpoint regression analysis of data from 2000 to 2018

“… 6 Recent studies using data for the last 20 years have shown that asthma mortality continues to decrease in the region among all age groups. 8 30–33 For example, data from Costa Rica, Mexico, Brazil and Puerto Rico showed decreasing death rates of 80%, 26%, 10% and 42%, respectively. 8 30 34 35 An study using data from WHO of 46 countries also showed trends of decreasing asthma mortality, as did studies conducted in Kuwait and the USA.…”

“… 8 30–33 For example, data from Costa Rica, Mexico, Brazil and Puerto Rico showed decreasing death rates of 80%, 26%, 10% and 42%, respectively. 8 30 34 35 An study using data from WHO of 46 countries also showed trends of decreasing asthma mortality, as did studies conducted in Kuwait and the USA. 25 36 37 Consistent with these findings, our data showed a reduction in crude asthma mortality rates of 5.6% per year between 2000 and 2018.…”

“…6 Recent studies have evaluated trends in asthma hospitalisations and asthma mortality by country: the few such studies from the region are from countries with relatively robust health registration systems such as Brazil, Mexico or Chile. [7][8][9] In Ecuador, several studies have been conducted in the last two decades evaluating risk factors for asthma and other allergic diseases. [10][11][12][13][14] However, little attention has been given to temporal trends on hospitalisations and deaths attributed to asthma.…”

MIA 2021, Manejo Integral del Asma. Lineamientos para México

“…El asma, como enfermedad respiratoria crónica de gran prevalencia en todo el mundo, 1 siempre representa un tema de interés en la salud pública. 2 El nuevo conocimiento se genera constantemente y se tiene la imperiosa necesidad de su aplicación, que permita protocolos de diagnóstico generales acordes a cada caso y sistemas de clasificación de conocimiento sobre las interacciones de otras enfermedades con el asma, medicamentos y esquemas de tratamiento seguros, eficaces y prácticos; así como programas de educación continua de personal de salud, enfermos y sus cuidadores acerca del impacto del asma en la mortalidad, economía y sociedad en general.…”