Asthma and Obesity in Children

Sansone, Francesco; Attanasi, Marina; Pillo, Sabrina Di; Chiarelli, Francesco

doi:10.3390/biomedicines8070231

Cited by 33 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…42 Leptin acts with Th1 cell differentiation, TNF-a, IFNgamma, and IL-6 increase. 43 Therefore, chronic lowgrade inflammation related to obesity may potentiate the effect of atopy on the deterioration of pulmonary functions in obese asthmatics more severely than that of non-obese asthmatics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Obesity on Asthma: Lung Function Analysis Using the Impulse Oscillometry in School-age Children

Güleç¹

2020

Trends in Pediatrics

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INTRODUCTION: Studies investigating the lung function of school-age obese asthmatics are rare. The purpose of this study was to compare lung functions in school-age obese asthmatics with non-obese asthmatics. METHODS: Ninety-two children were assigned to obese asthmatics (OA group, n=43) and non-obese asthmatics (A group, n=49) groups. A baseline impulse oscillometry test was performed to measure lung functions. RESULTS: Baseline percent predicted value of R20 (p=0.025), R5-20 (p=0.040), and Fres (p=0.018) were significantly increased in obese asthmatics than non-obese asthmatics. AX was also higher in obese asthmatics compared to non-obese asthmatics, however, the difference was insignificant (p=0.787). Percent predicted value of R5 (p=0.007) and R10 (p=0.017) were higher in atopic than non-atopic obese asthmatics. Percent predicted value of R5 was higher in exercise-intolerant than exercise-tolerant non-obese asthmatics (p=0.045). Additionally, R10 was higher in non-obese asthmatics with household mold exposure than that without household mold exposure (p=0.045). The z scores of BMI or weight were correlated with none of the IOS parameters (p>0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Main bronchial and peripheral airway resistance were higher in school-age obese asthmatics compared to non-obese asthmatics. Peripheral airway resistance was higher in atopic obese asthmatics as well as in exercise intolerant asthmatic children and those with household mold exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Obesity on Asthma: Lung Function Analysis Using the Impulse Oscillometry in School-age Children

Güleç¹

2020

Trends in Pediatrics

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“…Numerous studies [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ] demonstrated that in children overweight or obesity are risk factors for asthma development. Egan et al [ 16 ] examined six prospective cohort studies and reported that compared to normal weigh children, children with overweight or obesity have a 50% increased risk of physician-diagnosed asthma.…”

Section: Which Came First the Chicken Or The Egg?mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Obese-Asthma Phenotype in Children

Fainardi

Passadore

Labate

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood. Overweight and obesity are included among the comorbidities considered in patients with difficult-to-treat asthma, suggesting a specific phenotype of the disease. Therefore, the constant increase in obesity prevalence in children and adolescents raises concerns about the parallel increase of obesity-associated asthma. The possible correlation between obesity and asthma has been investigated over the last decade by different authors, who suggest a complex multifactorial relationship. Although the particular non-eosinophilic endotype of obesity-related asthma supports the concept that high body weight precedes asthma development, there is ongoing debate about the direct causality of these two entities. A number of mechanisms may be involved in asthma in combination with obesity disease in children, including reduced physical activity, abnormal ventilation, chronic systemic inflammation, hormonal influences, genetics and additional comorbidities, such as gastroesophageal reflux and dysfunctional breathing. The identification of the obesity-related asthma phenotype is crucial to initiate specific therapeutic management. Besides the cornerstones of asthma treatment, lifestyle should be optimized, with interventions aiming to promote physical exercise, healthy diet, and comorbidities. Future studies should clarify the exact association between asthma and obesity and the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these two related conditions with the aim to define personalized therapeutic strategies for asthma management in this population.

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“…In asthma animal models, T1DM was shown to increase the inhibitory neuronal muscarinic receptor function with an effect of reduction of airway hyperactivity [ 77 ]. On the contrary, in obese hyperinsulinemic children with asthma, the bronchial hyperresponsivity could be due to the increased acetylcholine production in bronchial smooth muscle cells by the insuline-M2 receptors interaction [ 78 , 79 ].…”

Section: Studies Reporting No Association Between Asthma and Type 1 Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coaggregation of Asthma and Type 1 Diabetes in Children: A Narrative Review

Sgrazzutti

Sansone

Attanasi

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Asthma and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are two of the most frequent chronic diseases in children, representing a model of the atopic and autoimmune diseases respectively. These two groups of disorders are mediated by different immunological pathways, T helper (Th)1 for diabetes and Th2 for asthma. For many years, these two groups were thought to be mutually exclusive according to the Th1/Th2 paradigm. In children, the incidence of both diseases is steadily increasing worldwide. In this narrative review, we report the evidence of the potential link between asthma and T1DM in childhood. We discuss which molecular mechanisms could be involved in the link between asthma and T1DM, such as genetic predisposition, cytokine patterns, and environmental influences. Cytokine profile of children with asthma and T1DM shows an activation of both Th1 and Th2 pathways, suggesting a complex genetic-epigenetic interaction. In conclusion, in children, the potential link between asthma and T1DM needs further investigation to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to these patients. The aim of this review is to invite the pediatricians to consider the potential copresence of these two disorders in clinical practice.

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Asthma and Obesity in Children

Cited by 33 publications

References 91 publications

The Effect of Obesity on Asthma: Lung Function Analysis Using the Impulse Oscillometry in School-age Children

The Effect of Obesity on Asthma: Lung Function Analysis Using the Impulse Oscillometry in School-age Children

An Overview of the Obese-Asthma Phenotype in Children

Coaggregation of Asthma and Type 1 Diabetes in Children: A Narrative Review

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