Asthma and Atopy in Rural Children: Is Farming Protective?

Naleway, Allison L.

doi:10.3121/cmr.2.1.5

Cited by 56 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(150 reference statements)

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“…Several European cohort studies focused on the association between farm-living and allergy and asthma in children, namely the European Allergy and Endotoxin (ALEX), the Prevention of Allergy Risk Factors of Sensitization in Children Related to Farming and Anthroposophic Lifestyle (PARSIFAL), and the multidisciplinary study to identify the genetic and environmental causes of asthma in the European community (GABRIEL). Evidence of lower incidence and prevalence of asthma, hay fever and atopic sensitization in children exposed to farming lifestyle has been extensively reported [84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92].…”

Section: Raw Milk and Protection Against Asthma And Allergiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ege and colleagues (2007) evaluated data from PASTURE cohort study and highlighted that maternal lifestyle during pregnancy, included the use of boiled or un-boiled farm milk, affects the production of fetal IgE, determined in cord blood at birth [99]. In contrast, later life exposures of children do not provide any protection or may exacerbate symptoms [89].…”

Section: Raw Milk and Protection Against Asthma And Allergiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Raw and Heat-Treated Milk: From Public Health Risks to Nutritional Quality

Melini

Melini²,

Luziatelli

et al. 2017

Beverages

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Abstract:Consumers have recently shown a preference for natural food products and ingredients and within that framework, their interest in consuming raw drinking milk has been highlighted, claiming nutritional, organoleptic and health benefits. However, a public debate has simultaneously emerged about the actual risks and benefits of direct human consumption of raw milk. This paper compares the microbiological, nutritional and sensory profile of raw and heat-treated milk, to evaluate the real risks and benefits of its consumption. In detail, it provides an updated overview of the main microbiological risks of raw milk consumption, especially related to the presence of pathogens and the main outputs of risk assessment models are reported. After introducing the key aspects of most commonly used milk heat-treatments, the paper also discusses the effects such technologies have on the microbiological, nutritional and sensory profile of milk. An insight into the scientific evidence behind the claimed protective effects of raw milk consumption in lactose-intolerant subjects and against the onset of asthma and allergy disorders in children is provided. The emergence of novel milk processing technologies, such as ohmic heating, microwave heating, high pressure processing, pulsed electric fields, ultrasound and microfiltration is also presented as an alternative to common thermal treatments.

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Section: Raw Milk and Protection Against Asthma And Allergiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Raw Milk and Protection Against Asthma And Allergiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raw and Heat-Treated Milk: From Public Health Risks to Nutritional Quality

Melini

Melini²,

Luziatelli

et al. 2017

Beverages

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Results summarized in a recent review showed that children on farms, especially those with farm-animal contact, seemed to have a decreased risk for allergies possibly due to endotoxin exposures, whereas adult farmers' allergies were exacerbated by endotoxin exposures (as reviewed in ref. 52). Exposures on a farm are complex and often not mutually exclusive.…”

Section: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention 1291mentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential History, Family Characteristics and Non–Hodgkin Lymphoma, A Population-Based Case-Control Study in the San Francisco Bay Area

Bracci

Dalvi

Holly

2006

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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A population-based, case-control study (N = 1,593 cases, N = 2,515 controls) was conducted in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, to determine risk factors for non -Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). This report examines residential characteristics, number of siblings, childhood infections, and allergic rhinitis to evaluate the association between NHL and the hygiene hypothesis. Adjusted unconditional logistic regression analyses included HIV-negative participants (N = 1,304 cases, N = 2,402 controls) ages 21 to 74 years, who completed in-person interviews. At childhood ages, odds ratios (OR) for NHL decreased with increasing number of household rooms (age 8 years, P trend = 0.08; age 15 years, P trend < 0.0001) and increased with more crowded living conditions (quartiles of no. people/no. rooms; age 8 years, P trend < 0.0001; age 15 years, P trend = 0.0004), whereas at older ages a greater number of people in the household and greater number of household rooms were positively associated with NHL. ORs increased with increasing number of siblings (P trend = 0.0003) and increasing birth order (P trend = 0.01). Participants with five or more younger siblings had a 50% increased OR for NHL. ORs for NHL decreased with an increasing number of different infections during childhood (age 8 years, P trend < 0.0001; age 15 years, P trend = 0.0003) and with history of allergic rhinitis (P < 0.0001). Our results are somewhat consistent with the hygiene hypothesis that less crowding and better sanitation results in fewer infections early in life and an increased incidence of immune-related conditions later in life. The role of the complex relationship between residential history, family characteristics, childhood infections, and immune function in the development of NHL warrants further investigation in pooled analyses.

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“…1 In epidemiologic studies, both factors were shown to be associated with a higher prevalence of allergic rhinitis and sensitization. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Part of the association between obesity and sensitization has been attributed to the increased production of the proinflammatory hormone leptin, released by adipocytes. Laboratory studies have shown that leptin not only is associated with a T H 1 response 12 but also augments the ovalbumin-induced IgE production in sensitized mice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%