Asthma and air pollution from a coal-fueled power plant.

Cohen, A A; Bromberg, Steven M.; Buechley, Robert W.; Heiderscheit, L.T.; Shy, Carl M.

doi:10.2105/ajph.62.9.1181

Cited by 64 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The studies conducted in several US cities suggest that even 8-15 µg·m -3 (for 24 h) is associated with the acute effects [102]. COHEN et al [73] found such relationships for asthma attack rates (reported and confirmed) in all physician diagnosed asthmatics in one town. Temperature and pollutants also had a synergistic relationship to attacks.…”

Section: Pm/o 3 and Copdmentioning

confidence: 98%

Epidemiological studies of the respiratory effects of air pollution

Lebowitz¹

1996

Eur Respir J

112

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Environmental epidemiological studies of the health effects of air pollution have been major contributors to the understanding of such effects. The chronic effects of atmospheric pollutants have been studied, but, except for the known respiratory effects of particulate matter (PM), they have not been studied conclusively. There are ongoing studies of the chronic effects of certain pollutant classes, such as ozone, acid rain, airborne toxics, and the chemical form of PM (including diesel exhaust).Acute effects on humans due to outdoor and indoor exposures to several gases/fumes and PM have been demonstrated in epidemiological studies. However, the effects of these environmental factors on susceptible individuals are not known conclusively. These acute effects are especially important because they increase the human burden of minor illnesses, increase disability, and are thought to decrease productivity. They may be related to the increased likelihood of chronic disease as well. Further research is needed in this latter area, to determine the contributions of the time-related activities of individuals in different microenvironments (outdoors, in homes, in transit). Key elements of further studies are the assessment of total exposure to the different pollutants (occurring from indoor and outdoor sources) and the interactive effects of pollutants.Major research areas include determination of the contributions of indoor sources and of vehicle emissions to total exposure, how to measure such exposures, and how to measure human susceptibility and responses (including those at the cellular and molecular level). Biomarkers of exposures, doses and responses, including immunochemicals, biochemicals and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) adducts, are beginning to promote some basic knowledge of exposure-response, especially the mechanisms. These will be extremely useful additions to standard physiological, immunological, and clinical instruments, and the understanding of biological plausibility. The outcomes of all this work will be the management of risks and the prevention of respiratory diseases related to air pollution. Eur Respir J., 1996Respir J., , 9, 1029Respir J., -1054 This work was supported by USA-NHLBI SCOR Grant HL14136.Previously published reviews of this series 1. Sandström T. Respiratory effects of air pollutants: experimental studies in humans. Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 976-995. 2. Chitano P, Hosselet JJ, Mapp CE, Fabbri LM. Effects of oxidant air pollutants on the respiratory system: insights from experimental animal research. Eur Respir J 1995; 8: 1357-1371. Heyder J, Takenaka S. Long-term canine exposure studies with ambient air pollutants. Eur Respir J 1996; 9: 571-584. This review of epidemiological studies of the respiratory effects of exposures to air pollutants follows excellent reviews of experimental studies in animals and humans that have recently appeared in the Journal [1][2][3]. It has relied both on prior reviews of the topic and on the extensive literature of the major research reports...

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Section: Pm/o 3 and Copdmentioning

confidence: 98%

Epidemiological studies of the respiratory effects of air pollution

Lebowitz¹

1996

Eur Respir J

112

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“…Automated tape samplers were in use a half-century ago in some US cities for semi-continuous measurements of transmittance (Noll et al 1968;Pedace and Sansone 1972;Cohen et al 1972). These transmittance data were usually reported as coefficient of haze (CoH) values, with implicit dimensions of atmospheric extinction (Hemeon et al 1953).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review of filter transmittance measurements for aerosol light absorption, and de novo calibration for a decade of monitoring on PTFE membranes

White

Trzepla

Hyslop

et al. 2016

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…During the 5-day episode in Donora (3)(4)(5)(6), 20 persons died, although only one or two deaths would have been expected during that interval. More than 40 percent of the general population (more than 5,900 persons) had symptoms, often on the very first day of the smog.…”

Section: Effects Of Air Pollution Episodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…or less, especially when cold waves coincided with periods of excessive pollution (17). Moreover, in certain susceptible populations (the elderly or persons with asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, or coronary artery disease), significant morbidity has been associated with pollution levels one-fifth to one-twentieth the magnitude cited by British workers as contributing to mortality (19,20).…”

Section: Defining the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%