Astersaponin I from Aster koraiensis is a natural viral fusion blocker that inhibits the infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and syncytium formation

Kim, Tai Young; Kim, Jiyoung; Kwon, Hak Cheol; Jeon, Sangeun; Lee, Sol ji; Jung, Haejin; Kim, Seungtaek; Jang, Dae Sik; Lee, C. Justin

doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105428

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Additionally, acid hydrolysis and a comparative experiment with authentic standards using LC-MS led to the identification of the sugar units as D-glucose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, and L-rhamnose. Comparative analysis with the reported spectroscopic data of tacacoside B 2 , previously isolated from Sechium talamancense, led to the determination of the chemical structure of 1 [20,24]. The distinguishing feature of 1 is the presence of an β-D-glucose unit at the C-4 ′ of the glucose at C-3, setting it apart from the previously identified tacacoside Compound 2 was a white powder, and its chemical formula was deduced to be C 62 H 100 O 31 by HR-ESI-MS (m/z 1339.6171 [M − H] − calcd.…”

Section: Identification Of Compounds 1-3 From the Leaves Of A Koraiensismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…koraiensis leaves was found particularly effective in obstructing viral entry. Notably, astersaponin I, a prominent triterpenoidal saponin in this extract, has been determined as the key inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our efforts to identify saponin-rich plants with antiviral capabilities against SARS-CoV-2, a 95% ethanol extract from A. koraiensis leaves was found particularly effective in obstructing viral entry. Notably, astersaponin I, a prominent triterpenoidal saponin in this extract, has been determined as the key inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Triterpenoidal Saponins from the Leaves of Aster koraiensis Offer Inhibitory Activities against SARS-CoV-2

Kim,

Son

et al. 2024

Plants

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Triterpenoidal saponins have been reported to be able to restrain SARS-CoV-2 infection. To isolate antiviral compounds against SARS-CoV-2 from the leaves of Aster koraiensis, we conducted multiple steps of column chromatography. We isolated six triperpenoidal saponins from A. koraiensis leaves, including three unreported saponins. Their chemical structures were determined using HR-MS and NMR data analyses. Subsequently, we tested the isolates to assess their ability to impede the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus (pSARS-CoV-2) into ACE2+ H1299 cells and found that five of the six isolates displayed antiviral activity with an IC50 value below 10 μM. Notably, one unreported saponin, astersaponin J (1), blocks pSARS-CoV-2 in ACE2+ and ACE2/TMPRSS2+ cells with similar IC50 values (2.92 and 2.96 μM, respectively), without any significant toxic effect. Furthermore, our cell-to-cell fusion and SARS-CoV-2 Spike-ACE2 binding assays revealed that astersaponin J inhibits membrane fusion, thereby blocking both entry pathways of SARS-CoV-2 while leaving the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 Spike and ACE2 unaffected. Overall, this study expands the list of antiviral saponins by introducing previously undescribed triterpenoidal saponins isolated from the leaves of A. koraiensis, thereby corroborating the potency of triterpenoid saponins in impeding SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Identification Of Compounds 1-3 From the Leaves Of A Koraiensismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Triterpenoidal Saponins from the Leaves of Aster koraiensis Offer Inhibitory Activities against SARS-CoV-2

Kim,

Son

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…Similarly to saponin PD, even for astersaponin I (AI), a triterpenoid saponin in Aster koraiensis , the observed inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection was dependent on effects on cholesterol ( 180 ). In this work, the authors demonstrated that treatment with AI induces increasing cholesterol content in the cell and in the endosomal membranes, and that this interferes both with the entry of the virion as well as with syncytium formation.…”

Section: Bioactive Herbal Products Interfering With Sars-cov-2 Entrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrients, herbal bioactive derivatives and commensal microbiota as tools to lower the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection

et al. 2023

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The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has infected a vast population across the world, causing more than 664 million cases and 6.7 million deaths by January 2023. Vaccination has been effective in reducing the most critical aftermath of this infection, but some issues are still present regarding re-infection prevention, effectiveness against variants, vaccine hesitancy and worldwide accessibility. Moreover, although several old and new antiviral drugs have been tested, we still lack robust and specific treatment modalities. It appears of utmost importance, facing this continuously growing pandemic, to focus on alternative practices grounded on firm scientific bases. In this article, we aim to outline a rigorous scientific background and propose complementary nutritional tools useful toward containment, and ultimately control, of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In particular, we review the mechanisms of viral entry and discuss the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from α-linolenic acid and other nutrients in preventing the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with its entry gateways. In a similar way, we analyze in detail the role of herbal-derived pharmacological compounds and specific microbial strains or microbial-derived polypeptides in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 entry. In addition, we highlight the role of probiotics, nutrients and herbal-derived compounds in stimulating the immunity response.

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“…Inhibiting viral replication [159] Inhibiting replication of five virus variants including Delta [160] Inhibiting viral infection [161] Astersaponin I (AI) Aster koraiensis Inhibiting virus entry pathways at plasma membrane and within endosomal compartments [162] Curcumin Curcuma longa Binding and inhibiting S protein of Omicron variant (in silico analysis) [163] Emetine…”

Section: Major Active Compounds Plant Species Efficacy/mechanism Of A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants as a Promising Biofactory for Bioactive Compounds

2023

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Astersaponin I from Aster koraiensis is a natural viral fusion blocker that inhibits the infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and syncytium formation

Cited by 5 publications

References 59 publications

Triterpenoidal Saponins from the Leaves of Aster koraiensis Offer Inhibitory Activities against SARS-CoV-2

Triterpenoidal Saponins from the Leaves of Aster koraiensis Offer Inhibitory Activities against SARS-CoV-2

Nutrients, herbal bioactive derivatives and commensal microbiota as tools to lower the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Plants as a Promising Biofactory for Bioactive Compounds

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