Assumptions and challenges in the use of fallout beryllium-7 as a soil and sediment tracer in river basins

Taylor, Alex; Blake, William H.; Smith, Hugh G.; Mabit, Lionel; Keith-Roach, Miranda J.

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.08.002

Cited by 67 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…Marsh vegetation influences accretionary processes by contributing autochthonous carbon to the soil and enhancing sediment trapping of allochthonous particulate carbon mineral sediment and deposition with their stems (Morris et al 2002;Baustian et al 2012). Accretion is commonly measured via marker horizons, such as feldspar, and particle-reactive radiotracers, such as 7 Be, 137 Cs, and 210 Pb (Callaway et al 1996;Taylor et al 2013). These methodologies are complementary: feldspar marker horizons measure accretion on a short time scale, months to years, (Cahoon and Turner 1989;Bianchette et al 2015) whereas 137 Cs and 210 Pb measure accretionary processes over decadal timescales to a century or more (Delaune et al 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Salinity and Short-Term Soil Carbon Accumulation Rates from Marsh Types Across a Landscape in the Mississippi River Delta

et al. 2017

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Salinity alterations will likely change the plant and environmental characteristics in coastal marshes thereby influencing soil carbon accumulation rates. Coastal Louisiana marshes have been historically classified as fresh, intermediate, brackish, or saline based on resident plant community and position along a salinity gradient. Short-term total carbon accumulation rates were assessed by collecting 10-cm deep soil cores at 24 sites located in marshes spanning the salinity gradient. Bulk density, total carbon content, and the short-term accretion rates obtained with feldspar horizon markers were measured to determine total carbon accumulation rates. Despite some significant differences in soil properties among marsh types, the mean total carbon accumulation rates among marsh types were not significantly different (mean ± std. err. of 190 ± 27 g TC m −2 year −1 ). However, regression analysis indicated that mean annual surface salinity had a significant negative relationship with total carbon accumulation rates. Based on both analyses, the coastal Louisiana total marsh area (1,433,700 ha) accumulates about 2.7 to 3.3 Tg C year −1 .Changing salinities due to increasing relative sea level or resulting from restoration activities may alter carbon accumulation rates in the short term and significantly influence the global carbon cycle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Salinity and Short-Term Soil Carbon Accumulation Rates from Marsh Types Across a Landscape in the Mississippi River Delta

et al. 2017

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“…Within the sediment fingerprinting community, the spatial uniformity of fallout is considered to be one of the open questions regarding the use of 7 Be as a tracer (Walling, 2012;Taylor et al, 2013). The spatial distribution in rainfall is cited as a cause for the spatial heterogeneity in 7 Be wet deposition (Taylor et al, 2013).…”

Section: Implications For Sediment Fingerprintingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beryllium-7 wet deposition variation with storm height, synoptic classification, and tree canopy state in the mid-Atlantic USA

et al. 2015

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Short-lived fallout isotopes, such as beryllium-7 ( 7 Be), are increasingly used as erosion and sediment tracers in watersheds. Beryllium-7 is produced in the atmosphere and delivered to Earth's surface primarily in precipitation. However, relatively little has been published about the variation in 7 Be wet deposition caused by storm type and vegetation cover. Our analysis of precipitation, throughfall, and sediments in two forested, headwater catchments in the midAtlantic USA indicates significant variation in isotope deposition with storm type and storm height. Individual summer convective thunderstorms were associated with 7 Be activity concentrations up to 5.0 Bq L -1 in precipitation and 4.7 Bq L -1 in throughfall while singleevent wet depositional fluxes reached 168 Bq m -2 in precipitation and 103 Bq m -2 in throughfall. Storms originating from the continental USA were associated with lower 7 Be activity concentrations and single-event wet depositional fluxes for precipitation (0.7 -1.2 Bq L -1 and 15.8 -65.0 Bq m -2 ) and throughfall (0.1 -0.3 Bq L -1 and 13.5 -98.9 Bq m -2 ). Tropical systems had relatively low activity concentrations, 0.2 -0.5 Bq L -1 in precipitation and 0.2 -1.0 Bq L -1 in throughfall, but relatively high single-event depositional fluxes due to large rainfall volumes, 32.8 -67.6 Bq m -2 in precipitation and 25.7 -134 Bq m -2 in throughfall. The largest sources of 7 Be depositional variation were attributed to storm characteristics including precipitation amount and maximum storm height. 7 Be activity associated with fluvial suspended sediments also exhibited the highest concentration and variability in summer (175 -1450 Bq kg -1 ). We conclude the dominant source of variation on event-level 7 Be deposition is storm type. Our results illustrate the complex relationships between 7 Be deposition in precipitation and throughfall and demonstrate event-scale relationships between the 7 Be in precipitation and on suspended sediment.

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“…Upon fallout, its affinity with sediment (Kaste et al, 2002) has led to its widespread use as a sediment tracer in terrestrial and fluvial-marine environments (Taylor et al, 2013;Walling, 2012). With continued development of 7 Be application as a tracing tool it is necessary to improve our knowledge regarding the temporal variability of fallout (Walling et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variability of beryllium-7 fallout in southwest UK

Taylor

Keith-Roach

Iurian

et al. 2016

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Assumptions and challenges in the use of fallout beryllium-7 as a soil and sediment tracer in river basins

Cited by 67 publications

References 136 publications

Relationships Between Salinity and Short-Term Soil Carbon Accumulation Rates from Marsh Types Across a Landscape in the Mississippi River Delta

Relationships Between Salinity and Short-Term Soil Carbon Accumulation Rates from Marsh Types Across a Landscape in the Mississippi River Delta

Beryllium-7 wet deposition variation with storm height, synoptic classification, and tree canopy state in the mid-Atlantic USA

Temporal variability of beryllium-7 fallout in southwest UK

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