Associations of short-term exposure to air pollution and increased ambient temperature with psychiatric hospital admissions in older adults in the USA: a case–crossover study

Qiu, Xinye; Danesh-Yazdi, Mahdieh; Wei, Yaguang; Di, Qian; Just, Allan C.; Zanobetti, Antonella; Weisskopf, Marc G.; Dominici, Francesca; Schwartz, Joel

doi:10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00017-1

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The fact that we did not observe increased risk for MBD ED visits during extreme cold temperatures is consistent with previous evidence (Yoo et al, 2021b;Wang et al, 2014;Hansen et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2020;Lee et al, 2018). Previous studies have also found associations between exposure to extreme heat and ED visits for MBDs (Bundo et al, 2021;Carlsen et al, 2019;Mullins and White, 2019;Niu et al, 2020;Nori-Sarma et al, 2022;Qiu et al, 2022;Yoo et al, 2021aYoo et al, , 2021bWang et al, 2014), although the evidence for the impact on subcategories of MBDs remains to be clarified. In particular, our findings for the impact of extreme heat on specific subcategories of MBDs corroborate previous studies that have also found impacts on substance use disorders (Niu et al, 2020;Nori-Sarma et al, 2022;Yoo et al, 2021b;Wang et al, 2014), schizophrenia (Nori-Sarma et al, 2022;Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A growing number of studies have also reported associations between extreme temperatures and the psychotic exacerbation of core symptoms for many mental and behavior disorders (MBDs). In fact, several studies have demonstrated increases in self-reported adverse mental health outcomes, including emergency department (ED) visits and hospital admissions, during periods of extreme temperatures (Bundo et al, 2021;Carlsen et al, 2019;Mullins and White, 2019;Niu et al, 2020;Nori-Sarma et al, 2022;Qiu et al, 2022;Yoo et al, 2021aYoo et al, , 2021bWang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…access to green space) the effects of extreme temperatures on MBDs (Hwong et al, 2022). In fact, very few evidence exists on whether associations between extreme ambient temperatures and MBDs can be modfied by levels of ambient air pollution (Qiu et al, 2022). Moreover, fewer studies have assessed the impact of extreme low temperatures (i.e., cold) on MBDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect modification of extreme temperatures on mental and behavior disorders by environmental factors and individual-level characteristics in Canada

Lavigne

Maltby

Côté

et al. 2023

Environmental Research

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effect modification of extreme temperatures on mental and behavior disorders by environmental factors and individual-level characteristics in Canada

Lavigne

Maltby

Côté

et al. 2023

Environmental Research

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“… 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 However, potential heterogeneity in these outcomes across different subpopulations is unclear. While the evidence for acute and cross-sectional associations has increased in recent years, 17 , 18 , 19 high-quality evidence looking at late-onset depression in long-term prospective longitudinal cohorts is lacking. To our knowledge, this study is the first to examine the associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and risk of late-onset depression incidence among the US older adult population (>64 years) in a longitudinal setting over a study period of more than 10 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Long-term Exposure to Air Pollution With Late-Life Depression in Older Adults in the US

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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ImportanceEmerging evidence has suggested harmful associations of air pollutants with neurodegenerative diseases among older adults. However, little is known about outcomes regarding late-life mental disorders, such as geriatric depression.ObjectiveTo investigate if long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with increased risk of late-life depression diagnosis among older adults in the US.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based longitudinal cohort study consisted of US Medicare enrollees older than 64 years. Data were obtained from the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Chronic Conditions Warehouse. The participants were continuously enrolled in the Fee-for-Service program and both Medicare Part A and Part B. After the 5-year washout period at entry, a total of 8 907 422 unique individuals were covered over the study period of 2005 to 2016, who contributed to 1 526 690 late-onset depression diagnoses. Data analyses were performed between March 2022 and November 2022.ExposuresThe exposures consisted of residential long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), measured in micrograms per cubic meter; nitrogen dioxide (NO2), measured in parts per billion; and ozone (O3), measured in parts per billion.Main Outcomes and MeasuresLate-life depression diagnoses were identified via information from all available Medicare claims (ie, hospital inpatient, skilled nursing facility, home health agency, hospital outpatient, and physician visits). Date of the first occurrence was obtained. Hazard ratios and percentage change in risk were estimated via stratified Cox proportional hazards models accounting for climate coexposures, neighborhood greenness, socioeconomic conditions, health care access, and urbanicity level.ResultsA total of 8 907 422 Medicare enrollees were included in this study with 56.8% being female individuals and 90.2% being White individuals. The mean (SD) age at entry (after washout period) was 73.7 (4.8) years. Each 5-unit increase in long-term mean exposure to PM2.5, NO2, and O3 was associated with an adjusted percentage increase in depression risk of 0.91% (95% CI, 0.02%-1.81%), 0.61% (95% CI, 0.31%- 0.92%), and 2.13% (95% CI, 1.63%-2.64%), respectively, based on a tripollutant model. Effect size heterogeneity was found among subpopulations by comorbidity condition and neighborhood contextual backgrounds.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study among US Medicare enrollees, harmful associations were observed between long-term exposure to air pollution and increased risk of late-life depression diagnosis.

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“…Many studies have confirmed that environmental pollution reduces the health status of the population. Qiu et al ( 9 ) found that short-term exposure to elevated concentrations of PM2.5 and NO 2 were significantly associated with an increased risk of hospital admissions for psychiatric disorders among the US Medicare population. Mallongi et al ( 10 ) believed that air pollution not only has a direct impact on human health, but also can damage the environment.…”

Section: Literature Review and Research Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of carbon emission trading policy on residents' health in China

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Residents' health is the basic condition for economic and social development. At present, China's environmental pollution problem is becoming increasingly serious, which not only hinders sustainable economic and social development, but also poses a major threat to public health. Therefore, based on the carbon emissions trading policy implemented in China, this paper explores this policy's impact on residents' health using the DID model and illustrates the moderating effect of environmental pollution. The results show that (1) carbon emissions trading policies can promote the improvement of residents' health; (2) the effect is stronger for western regions and provinces with smaller population sizes after taking control variables into consideration; and (3) environmental pollution has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between carbon emissions trading and residents' health. This research serves as an important reference for expanding the scope of the policy pilot, reducing pollutant emissions, and improving the health of the population.

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Associations of short-term exposure to air pollution and increased ambient temperature with psychiatric hospital admissions in older adults in the USA: a case–crossover study

Cited by 41 publications

References 50 publications

The effect modification of extreme temperatures on mental and behavior disorders by environmental factors and individual-level characteristics in Canada

The effect modification of extreme temperatures on mental and behavior disorders by environmental factors and individual-level characteristics in Canada

Association of Long-term Exposure to Air Pollution With Late-Life Depression in Older Adults in the US

Influence of carbon emission trading policy on residents' health in China

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