Associations of sedentary behavior and physical activity with older adults’ physical function: an isotemporal substitution approach

Yasunaga, Akitomo; Shibata, Ai; Ishii, Kaori; Koohsari, Mohammad Javad; Inoue, Shigeru; Sugiyama, Takemi; Owen, Neville; Oka, Koichiro

doi:10.1186/s12877-017-0675-1

Cited by 57 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…the sum of time spent in sedentary activity, LPA, and MVPA), were simultaneously entered into the model. The details of this statistical model are described by Yasunaga et al (). The isotemporal substitution model (in the case of omitting sedentary activity) was expressed as equation 3 as follows:

Sleep parameters variable = LPA + MVPA + total wear time + confounding factors

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sedentary behavior and physical activity on sleep quality in older people: A cross‐sectional study

Seol

Abe

Fujii

et al. 2019

Nursing & Health Sciences

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The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to investigate the influence of replacing sedentary time with time engaged in one of two levels of physical activity on sleep quality using an isotemporal substitution model. The participants were 70 community‐dwelling older Japanese adults (approximately 70% female). Physical activity types were measured using a triaxial accelerometer and categorized based on intensity as sedentary, light‐intensity, and vigorous‐intensity. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index assessed subjective sleep quality. Objective sleep parameters were assessed using an actigraph. A series of multi‐linear regression models analyzed the statistical relationships. Our findings showed that replacing 30 min of sedentary activity per day with an equal period of light‐intensity physical activity significantly influenced sleep quality parameters. However, there was no significant difference in sleep quality when light‐intensity activity was replaced with vigorous‐intensity activity. Engaging in one activity type means less available time for other types of activity; habitual replacement of sedentary activity with light‐intensity physical activity might have long‐term benefits on the sleep quality of older people.

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Sleep parameters variable = LPA + MVPA + total wear time + confounding factors

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sedentary behavior and physical activity on sleep quality in older people: A cross‐sectional study

Seol

Abe

Fujii

et al. 2019

Nursing & Health Sciences

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“…A series of partition models and isotemporal substitution models (19) were used for each type of cancer to examine the associations of daily TV screen time, time spent walking/day, time spent in moderate-intensity physical activity/day, time spent in vigorous-intensity physical activity/day and cancer incidence (19,(31)(32)(33)(34). Partition models examined all behaviours simultaneously, without adjusting for total physical activity time.…”

Section: Cancer Ascertainmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between non-occupational TV and computer screen-time viewing and cancer risk: Findings from the UK Biobank, a large prospective cohort study

Hunter¹,

Murray²,

Coleman³

2019

Preprint

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Background Evidence is suggestive of sedentary behaviour being associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer, but the evidence base is too limited to draw any conclusions for other cancers. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between sedentary behaviour and total cancer incidence and site-specific cancer incidence.Methods This prospective population-based cohort study involved data from the UK Biobank (470 578 adults; 53.8% females; mean age 56.3 years). Sedentary behaviours including television viewing time, computer use time and daily total screen time were the exposure variables. Primary and secondary outcome measures included incident total cancer, and site-specific cancers identified from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th revisions (ICD-9 and ICD-10). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) showing the relationship between sedentary behaviour and cancer using continuous (hours/day) and categorical exposure variables. Partition models and isotemporal substitution models were used to investigate the impact of substituting sedentary behaviour with physical activity.Results During a mean follow-up time of 7.6 years, 28 992 incident cancers were identified. A 1-hour increase in daily TV screen time was associated with higher risk of oropharyngeal cancer (HR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.11), stomach cancer (HR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.001, 1.13), oesophagus and stomach cancer (HR 1.04, 95% CI: 1.005, 1.09), and colon cancer (HR 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.06) in fully adjusted models. Participants who reported ≤1 hour/day of TV screen time had a lower risk of lung cancer (HR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73, 0.997), breast (female only) cancer (HR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.996), stomach cancer (HR 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.97), and oesophagus and stomach cancer (HR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.98) compared to participants who reported 1-≤3 hours/day of TV screen time. Isotemporal substitution models showed reduced risk of total cancer (HR 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95, 0.99) and some site-specific cancers when replacing 1-hour/day of TV viewing with moderate-intensity physical activity or walking.Conclusions Our findings show that sedentary behaviours were associated with some site-specific cancers (including oropharyngeal, oesophagus and stomach, colon and lung cancer), particularly for TV viewing time. Our findings were less consistent for time spent on computer and daily total screen time. Substitution models showed that replacing 1-hour per day of TV viewing with 1-hour of moderate-intensity physical activity or walking was associated with lower risk of total cancer and lower risk of several site-specific cancers. Health promotion strategies should endorse the message to minimise sedentary behaviour, replacing it with health-enhancing physical activity, and to particularly target TV viewing.

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“…Associations were more likely observed in clinical populations (5 out of 7 studies; 71%) 81,106,[111][112][113] compared with community-dwelling samples (11 out of 21 studies; 52%). 101,102,109,110,117,118,[122][123][124]126,128 All seven longitudinal studies found a detrimental association of sedentary time with physical function; i.e., more sedentary time was associated with poorer physical function. 109,110,113,[115][116][117][118] The following sections describe the studies in the categories in the figure in greater detail.…”

Section: Overall Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the papers included, 10 used self-report measures of sedentary behaviour, 81,100,103,109,110,113,115,116,119,120 15 used activity monitors to assess sedentary time, 101,102,[104][105][106]108,112,117,[121][122][123][124][125][126][127] and three used both. 111,114,128 Eleven different objective devices were used to assess sedentary behaviour, of which four were a posture monitor (used in three studies [10%]).…”

Section: Data Extraction and Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five of six studies observed a detrimental association of sedentary behaviour with TUG performance, indicating strong evidence for this association. 101,106,112,123,126 All five of these studies measured sedentary time using an activity monitor. In the study by Santos and colleagues, 123 which involved community-dwelling older adults (mean age = 74.3 years), associations remained statistically significant after the inclusion of physical activity into the model.…”

Section: Association Of Sedentary Behaviour With the Timed Up And Go mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sedentary Behaviour and Physical Function in Older Adults

Reid¹

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Background: Deterioration of physical function-a common feature of ageing-can lead to a lack of independence, poor quality of life, and entry into aged care. Given the aging population in Australia and worldwide, understanding how to maintain and improve function is a key public health concern. Resistance activities and other tailored exercise programs are effective at maintaining and improving function; however, older adults rarely engage in these programs. Understanding how activities across the intensity spectrum, in particular, time spent sedentary (sitting, reclining or lying down with low energy expenditure), impact on physical function can help to inform complementary approaches to the maintenance of physical function throughout life. Older adults spend, on average, nine hours per day sedentary, with those in aged care settings (such as nursing homes) averaging more than 12 hours of sedentary time daily. The detrimental health impacts of too much sitting are increasingly being recognised across a host of physical and mental health outcomes, including with physical function. However, to date, little research has been conducted that investigates the associations of sedentary time with physical function using posture monitors, in understudied populations such as aged care residents, and/or using longitudinal study designs. Aim: The primary aim of this Thesis is to investigate the association of sedentary time with physical function across settings (community-dwelling vs aged care), measurement methods (self-report and objective), and study designs (cross-sectional and longitudinal). This was achieved through five research objectives, which were to: • Systematically review the evidence on the associations of sedentary time with physical function in older adults (Chapter 2). • Investigate the cross-sectional associations of sedentary time with physical function in a community-dwelling sample using a posture-based monitor (Chapters 3 and 4). • Investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of sedentary time with physical function in the aged care setting (Chapter 5).

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Associations of sedentary behavior and physical activity with older adults’ physical function: an isotemporal substitution approach

Cited by 57 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of sedentary behavior and physical activity on sleep quality in older people: A cross‐sectional study

Effects of sedentary behavior and physical activity on sleep quality in older people: A cross‐sectional study

The association between non-occupational TV and computer screen-time viewing and cancer risk: Findings from the UK Biobank, a large prospective cohort study

Sedentary Behaviour and Physical Function in Older Adults

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