Associations of procalcitonin, C-reaction protein and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in China

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an important and urgent threat to global health. Inflammation factors are important for COVID-19 mortality, and we aim to explore whether the baseline levels of procalcitonin (PCT), C-reaction protein (CRP) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19. A retrospective study was conducted and a total of 76 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were included between January 17, 2020 to March 2, 2020, of these cases, 17 patients were dead. After adjusting covariates, PCT (≥ 0.10 ng/mL) and CRP (≥ 52.14 mg/L) exhibited independent increasing risks of mortality were used hazard ratio (HR) of 52.68 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.77–1571.66) and 5.47 (95% CI: 1.04–28.72), respectively. However, NRL (≥ 3.59) was not found to be an independent risk factor for death in our study. Furthermore, the elevated PCT levels were still associated with increasing risk of mortality in the old age group (age ≥ 60 y), and in the critically severe and severe patients after adjustment for complications. Thu Baseline levels of PCT and CRP have been addressed as independent predictors of mortality in patients with COVID-19.

CHA2DS2-VASc score and modified CHA2DS2-VASc score can predict mortality and intensive care unit hospitalization in COVID-19 patients

“…In COVID-19; age, comorbidities, lymphocytopenia, elevated alanine aminotransferase, D-dimer, creatine kinase, highsensitivity cardiac Troponin, and prothrombin time were associated with ICU admission and disease severity. In addition, older age, higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, D-dimer, Troponin, and CRP levels at admission were associated with hospital mortality [17][18][19]. In our study, patients in intensive care were older and had more comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, vascular disease) and higher D-Dimer, Troponin I, and CRP values.…”

Predictors of Intensive Care Unit Admission or Mortality in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Istanbul, Turkey

“…In the present study, elevations of body temperature and procalcitonin were limited. Similarly, Xu et al demonstrated a limited increase in procalcitonin levels and suggested that the limited increase could be associated with increased interferon-gamma levels (33). Also, Tharakan et al reported that a significant increase was observed in mortality for every 0.5 °C increase in body temperature (34).…”

Development and Validation of a multivariable prediction model using Machine Learning to predict the outcome of admitted COVID-19 patients at the time of admission (AICOVID)

“…Though the study did not attribute different features like Neutrophil -Lymphocyte Ratio or CRP / Albumin Ratio, it did look into the Hazard Ratios separately. [25] As discussed above, the model takes all the above features, reasonably congruent with the published international studies, and provides the prediction using a Gradient Boosting method. The Gradient Boosting method is a popular technique that recursively fits multiple predictors and a weak learning system with the residual to increase the model's accuracy using various iterations.…”