Associations of poverty, substance use, and HIV transmission risk behaviors in three South African communities

Kalichman, Seth C.; Simbayi, Leickness C.; Kagee, Ashraf; Toefy, Yoesrie; Jooste, Sean; Cain, Demetria; Cherry, Chauncey

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.08.021

Cited by 120 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…One qualitative study conducted with STI clinic patients found that alcohol use to the point of intoxication was believed to lower sexual inhibitions and created barriers in using condoms among both men and women (Simbayi 2004a andKalichman 2006). This finding is consistent with studies that report that greater quantities of alcohol consumption are associated with engaging in unprotected sex as well as other risk behaviors .…”

Section: Psychoactive Effects Of Alcoholsupporting

confidence: 52%

Effect of Alcohol on Central Nervous System and HIV Infection: A Study on Dhankuts Living in District Bahraich of Uttar Pradesh, India

Chantia

Misra

2011

Studies on Ethno-Medicine

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Section: Psychoactive Effects Of Alcoholsupporting

confidence: 52%

Effect of Alcohol on Central Nervous System and HIV Infection: A Study on Dhankuts Living in District Bahraich of Uttar Pradesh, India

Chantia

Misra

2011

Studies on Ethno-Medicine

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“…10,13 Several studies have found that older learners report significantly higher rates of substance use than younger ones. [13][14][15] A study conducted among adults in three communities in Cape Town found that poverty-related factors were associated with substance use, 16 but in a study involving Cape Town learners no significant association was found between substance use and a proxy indicator of socio-economic status. 17 Reddy et al 13 found that past-month alcohol and cannabis use was associated with poor academic performance among learners in South Africa.…”

Section: 9mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of substance use among secondary school learners in Atteridgeville, Gauteng

2012

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Introduction. Adolescent substance use has a number of adverse consequences for both the individual and society. Anecdotal evidence suggested the existence of a serious substance use problem among learners in Atteridgeville, part of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality in Gauteng, South Africa. Objectives. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence rates and age of initiation of substance use among learners attending secondary schools in Atteridgeville, and the factors, if any, associated with cannabis use.Methods. This was a cross-sectional study. A cluster sampling technique was employed. Twenty-two of the total of 191 grade 8 - 11 classes in the nine Atteridgeville secondary schools were randomly selected, with all 895 learners in the selected classes being invited to participate. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data. Statistical analysis was conducted using the survey estimation commands in STATA 10.0. Results. The lifetime prevalence rates for the three most commonly used substances were 51.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 41.5 - 61.5%) for alcohol, 25.2% (95% CI 17.1 - 33.3%) for cigarettes and 13.2% (95% CI 8.3 - 18.2%) for cannabis. Alcohol was also found to have the lowest mean age of initiation at 14.6 years (standard deviation 2.0). Based on CRAFFT screening scores, 30.3% (95% CI 24.5 - 36.1%) of learners met the criteria for possible problem substance use. Following multivariate analysis, the factors found to be significantly associated with lifetime cannabis use were age, gender, lifetime cigarette use, lifetime alcohol use, the number of illicit drug users among the learners’ five closest friends, and an older sibling with a history of illicit drug use.Conclusion. The results of the study suggest that substance use among learners in Atteridgeville is widespread and that a comprehensive intervention strategy is required.

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“…Systems factors in Omaha may have affected the women's ability to access voluntary counseling and testing for HIV. Often, structural, cultural, and linguistic barriers; stigma; discrimination; xenophobia; and exploitation decrease or discourage access to HIV/AIDS education or health services [6,[15][16][17][18][19][47][48][49][50][51][52][53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about HIV/AIDS of Sudanese and Bantu Somali immigrant women living in Omaha, Nebraska

Feresu¹,

Smith²

2013

OJPM

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A needs assessment of the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and beliefs about HIV/AIDS prevention was conducted among 100 Sudanese and Bantu Somali women immigrants aged 19 years and older, recruited through a community organization between April and July 2006. Information was collected by interview using interpreters to administer a 60-item test and a 116-item questionnaire that had been translated into Nuer and Arabic. Women in this study had low levels of education, poor knowledge about HIV transmission and prevention and safer sex practices, and poor attitudes to HIV/AIDS. They believe that HIV/AIDS is a punishment from God, HIV-positive people should be separated from society, carrying a condom indicates having loose morals, women should not experience sexual pleasure, and men should decide when and how to have sexual intercourse. Education, gender, and cultural beliefs are critical in the spread of HIV. Efforts to educate immigrant and displaced populations, particularly women, are essential.

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Associations of poverty, substance use, and HIV transmission risk behaviors in three South African communities

Cited by 120 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Alcohol on Central Nervous System and HIV Infection: A Study on Dhankuts Living in District Bahraich of Uttar Pradesh, India

Effect of Alcohol on Central Nervous System and HIV Infection: A Study on Dhankuts Living in District Bahraich of Uttar Pradesh, India

Epidemiology of substance use among secondary school learners in Atteridgeville, Gauteng

Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about HIV/AIDS of Sudanese and Bantu Somali immigrant women living in Omaha, Nebraska

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