Associations of Microbial Diversity with Age and Other Clinical Variables among Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) Patients

Lim, Shen Jean; Jithpratuck, Warit; Wasylik, Kathleen; Sriaroon, Panida; Dishaw, Larry J.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms11020422

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Finally, an open‐label randomized controlled trial assessing pediatric CRS with intranasal corticosteroid treatment leads to a greater increase in nasopharyngeal microbiome richness and a larger decrease in nasal Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cell abundance 26 . These collective findings suggest pediatric CRS has distinct characteristics and behaviors when compared to adult CRS 27 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Biologic Therapy in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review

Rahavi‐Ezabadi,

Zhou,

Lee

et al. 2024

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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ObjectiveProvide clinicians with current evidence for biologic therapy in children with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP).Data SourcesPubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, and clinical trial registries.Review MethodsKey search terms related to biologic therapy in pediatric CRSwNP were identified via a structured query of current medical literature and clinical trial databases.ConclusionsThere is a dearth of active clinical trials and research studies for biologics targeting pediatric CRSwNP. There is an ongoing compassionate‐use clinical trial involving Dupilumab for children with nasal polyps as well as only 1 published work specifically focused on Dupilumab for pediatric CRSwNP in the setting of aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease.Implications for PracticeFor children with atopic dermatitis, asthma, and chronic idiopathic urticaria, biologic therapies such as Omalizumab, Dupilumab, and Mepolizumab have gained Food and Drug Administration approval. The role of biologic therapy in pediatric CRSwNP demonstrates significant promise in the comprehensive management of the unified airway. Additional Phase III trials are necessary to broaden clinical indications for children with comorbid conditions and complex sinonasal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Biologic Therapy in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review

Rahavi‐Ezabadi,

Zhou,

Lee

et al. 2024

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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“…Alpha diversity studies also indicate an association between adenoid microbiome and different clinical statuses and medication effects. For example, authors have suggested a reduction in alpha diversity with nasal steroid use and changes in diversity with age [ 29 ]. Our findings, unfortunately, account for different topical medication use and we cannot corroborate these findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying the Microbiome of the Adenoid Surface of Children Suffering from Otitis Media with Effusion and Children without Middle Ear Effusion Using 16S rRNA Genetic Sequencing

Sokolovs-Karijs,

Brīvība,

Saksis

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Background: The upper respiratory tract harbors diverse communities of commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic organisms, originating from both the oral and nasopharyngeal microbiota. Among the primary sites of microbial colonization in the upper airways are the adenoids. Alterations in the adenoid microbiota have been implicated in the development of various conditions, including secretory otitis media. Aim: This study aims to employ 16S rRNA genetic sequencing to identify the most common bacteria present on the surface of adenoids in children with otitis media with effusion and compare them with children without pathologies in the tympanic cavity. Additionally, we seek to determine and compare the bacterial diversity in these two study groups. Materials and Methods: A total of nineteen samples from the adenoid surfaces were collected, comprising two groups: thirteen samples from children without middle ear effusion and six samples from children with secretory otitis media. The libraries of the V3–V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was made and sequenced using MiSeq platform. Results: The most prevalent phyla observed in both groups were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. The most common bacterial genera identified in both groups were Haemophilus, Streptococcus, Moraxella, Fusobacterium, and Bordetella, with Fusobacterium and Moraxella being more prevalent in the groups that had no middle ear effusion, while Haemophulus and Streptococcus were more prevalent in the otitis media with effusion group, although not in a statistically significant way. Statistical analysis shows a trend towards bacterial composition and beta diversity being similar between the study groups; however, due to the limited sample size and unevenness between groups, we should approach this data with caution. Conclusion: The lack of prolific difference in bacterial composition between the study groups suggests that the role of the adenoid microbiome in the development of otitis media with effusion may be less significant.

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The Role of the Gut and Airway Microbiota in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review

Gómez-García,

Moreno-Jimenez,

Morgado

et al. 2024

IJMS

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In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the potential role of microbiota dysbiosis or alterations in the composition and function of human microbiota in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). This systematic review evaluated the literature on CRSwNP and host microbiota for the last ten years, including mainly nasal bacteria, viruses, and fungi, following the PRISMA guidelines and using the major scientific publication databases. Seventy original papers, mainly from Asia and Europe, met the inclusion criteria, providing a comprehensive overview of the microbiota composition in CRSwNP patients and its implications for inflammatory processes in nasal polyps. This review also explores the potential impact of microbiota-modulating therapies for the CRSwNP treatment. Despite variability in study populations and methodologies, findings suggest that fluctuations in specific taxa abundance and reduced bacterial diversity can be accepted as critical factors influencing the onset or severity of CRSwNP. These microbiota alterations appear to be implicated in triggering cell-mediated immune responses, cytokine cascade changes, and defects in the epithelial barrier. Although further human studies are required, microbiota-modulating strategies could become integral to future combined CRSwNP treatments, complementing current therapies that mainly target inflammatory mediators and potentially improving patient outcomes.

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Associations of Microbial Diversity with Age and Other Clinical Variables among Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) Patients

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Biologic Therapy in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review

Biologic Therapy in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review

Identifying the Microbiome of the Adenoid Surface of Children Suffering from Otitis Media with Effusion and Children without Middle Ear Effusion Using 16S rRNA Genetic Sequencing

The Role of the Gut and Airway Microbiota in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review

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