Associations of Maternal Weight Status Before, During, and After Pregnancy with Inflammatory Markers in Breast Milk

Whitaker, Kara M.; Marino, Regina C.; Haapala, Jacob; Foster, Laurie; Smith, Katy D.; Teague, April M.; Jacobs, David R.; Fontaine, Patricia; McGovern, Patricia M.; Schoenfuss, Tonya C.; Harnack, Lisa; Fields, David A.; Demerath, Ellen W.

doi:10.1002/oby.22278

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(38 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Maternal weight status also might affect maternal milk composition 131,132 . Recent data associating the milk metabolome with both maternal and infant obesity suggest that obesity‐related differences in human milk composition might contribute to early childhood obesity 133 .…”

Section: Maternal and Early‐life Factors Influencing Maternal Milk Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…119 Maternal weight status also might affect maternal milk composition. 131,132 Recent data associating the milk metabolome with both maternal and infant obesity suggest that obesity-related differences in human milk composition might contribute to early childhood obesity. 133 Cabrera-Rubio et al detected higher total bacterial counts, expansion of Staphylococcus and Lactobacillus, and reduced levels of Bifidobacterium in the milk of obese compared with normalweight women during the first 6 months of lactation.…”

Section: Maternal Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Early‐Life Gut Microbiome—The Importance of Maternal and Infant Factors in Its Establishment

Kapourchali

Cresci

2020

Nut in Clin Prac

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The early-life microbiome is gaining appreciation as a major influencer in human development and long-term health. Multiple factors are known to influence the initial colonization, development, and function of the neonatal gut microbiome. In addition, alterations in early-life gut microbial composition is associated with several chronic health conditions such as obesity, asthma, and allergies. In this review, we focus on both maternal and infant factors known to influence early-life gut colonization. Also reviewed is the important role of infant feeding, including evidence-based strategies for maternal and infant supplementation with the goal to protect and/or restore the infant gut microbiome.

show abstract

Section: Maternal and Early‐life Factors Influencing Maternal Milk Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Maternal Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Early‐Life Gut Microbiome—The Importance of Maternal and Infant Factors in Its Establishment

Kapourchali

Cresci

2020

Nut in Clin Prac

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One possible reason for the lack of clear benefit of breastfeeding on obesity risk is that human milk might not play a mechanistic role in childhood obesity. Another possibility is that milk composition may vary according to maternal weight status (17,18). For example, milk from obese mothers might contain differential amounts of "obesogenic" compared with "protective" constituents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal obesity and the human milk metabolome: associations with infant body composition and postnatal weight gain

Isganaitis

Venditti

Matthews

et al. 2019

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

115

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMaternal obesity is a risk factor for childhood obesity; this is a major public health concern given that ∼40% of pregnant women are either overweight or obese. Whether differences in milk composition in lean compared with obese women contribute to childhood obesity is unclear.ObjectivesWe aimed to analyze relationships between maternal obesity and human milk metabolites, infant body composition, and postnatal weight gain.MethodsThis was a prospective study in which mothers intending to breastfeed exclusively, and their newborn infants, were enrolled at delivery (n = 35 mother–infant pairs). We excluded mothers with diabetes, other medical conditions, or pregnancy complications. Participants were grouped by maternal prepregnancy BMI <25 (lean) or ≥25 kg/m2 (overweight/obese). We analyzed infant body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and used untargeted liquid chromatography–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to measure the milk content of 275 metabolites at 1 and 6 mo postpartum.ResultsAt 1 mo postpartum, 10 metabolites differed between overweight/obese and lean groups with nominal P < 0.05, but none was altered with a false discovery rate <0.25. Many differentially abundant metabolites belonged to the same chemical class; e.g., 4/10 metabolites were nucleotide derivatives, and 3/10 were human milk oligosaccharides. Milk adenine correlated positively with both continuously distributed maternal BMI and with infant adiposity and fat accrual. Analysis of milk composition at 6 mo postpartum revealed 20 differentially abundant metabolites (P < 0.05) in overweight/obese compared with lean women, including 6 metabolites with a false discovery rate of <0.25. At both 1 and 6 mo, human milk abundance of 1,5-anhydroglucitol, which has not previously been described in milk, was positively associated with maternal BMI.ConclusionsMaternal obesity is associated with changes in the human milk metabolome. While only a subset of metabolites correlated with both maternal and infant weight, these point to potential milk-dependent mechanisms for mother–child transmission of obesity. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02535637.

show abstract

“…At the level of physiology, glucose intolerance 604 during pregnancy may impede milk synthesis and contribute to delayed lactogenesis, while excessive 605 gestational weight gain is associated with raised inflammatory markers in breast--milk. 78 Recent studies…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The double burden of malnutrition: aetiological pathways and consequences for health

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

• Malnutrition has long been researched and addressed in two distinct silos, focusing either on chronic 2 or acute undernutrition, energy inadequacy and micronutrient deficiencies, or on overweight, obesity 3 and dietary excess. The contemporary reality of the double burden of malnutrition is different, making it 4 impossible to separate these issues, but also indicating shared opportunities to address them. 5 • Malnutrition harms health throughout the life-course, but its emergence early in life has particularly 6 pernicious consequences. A variety of physiological mechanisms propagate effects of early-life 7 malnutrition across the life-course, while adolescent and adult malnutrition can transmit effects to the 8 next generation. 9 • Different forms of malnutrition can interact through the life-course and across generations. In some 10 settings, early stunting may predispose to a more central distribution of adiposity at later ages, while 11 the extent to which maternal obesity adversely affects early growth and development of the offspring 12 may be exacerbated if the mother herself was under-nourished in early life. 13 • Life-course exposure to the double burden of malnutrition (early undernutrition followed by later 14 overweight) increases the risk of non-communicable disease, by imposing a high metabolic load on a 15 depleted capacity for homeostasis. The health costs of adult obesity are therefore exacerbated among 16 those who previously experienced undernutrition. In women, life-course exposure to the double burden 17 of malnutrition increases the risk of childbirth complications. 18 • Exclusive and appropriate breast-feeding protects infants against all forms of malnutrition, and 19 protects mothers against diabetes and breast cancer, in part through healthy-weight benefits. However, 20 maternal obesity, diabetes and micronutrient deficiencies alter the biology of lactation, and should be 21 addressed to maximise the success of breast-feeding. 22 • Exposure to the double burden of malnutrition can only be fully understood in the context of broader 23 societal drivers acting across culture, behaviour and technology. Various groups are at high risk of the 24 double burden through elevated exposure to these drivers, often exacerbated by biological 25 susceptibility. 26 • Developmental responses to malnutrition in early life are shaped by ecological factors, such as 27 pathogen burden and extrinsic mortality risk. An evolutionary perspective, focusing on how our 28 biological plasticity was shaped in ancestral environments to promote survival and reproduction, may 29 help design interventions that promote linear growth and lean tissue accretion rather than excess 30 adiposity. 31 • Inter-generational cycles of malnutrition have proven difficult to disrupt through public health 32 interventions. Major societal shifts are required regarding nutrition and public health, in order to 33 implement comprehensive change that is sustained over decades, and scaled up into the entire global 34 food system.

show abstract

Associations of Maternal Weight Status Before, During, and After Pregnancy with Inflammatory Markers in Breast Milk

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Early‐Life Gut Microbiome—The Importance of Maternal and Infant Factors in Its Establishment

Early‐Life Gut Microbiome—The Importance of Maternal and Infant Factors in Its Establishment

Maternal obesity and the human milk metabolome: associations with infant body composition and postnatal weight gain

The double burden of malnutrition: aetiological pathways and consequences for health

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About