Abstract:BackgroundTrace elements play important nutritional roles in neonates. Our objective was to examine whether there are differences in maternal/neonatal serum trace element concentrations between mature infants and premature infants.MethodsDuring 2012, 44 infants born at National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, were enrolled. Serum samples were collected to measure serum iron, zinc, copper, and selenium concentrations 5 days after birth. Maternal serum samples were obtained before delivery a… Show more
“…Of studies that collected both maternal blood at
birth and cord blood, one study found only maternal blood levels of Cu
was associated with gestational age of the baby, 122 while the other three studies
did not find any relationship between birth outcomes and serum Cu levels
in either maternal or cord blood samples. 114,118,124
Other studies that used either cord blood, 78 or maternal urine 95 did not find an
association between levels of Cu and adverse pregnancy outcomes.…”
Section: Effects Of Environmental Exposures On Fetal and Childhoodmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…One study from Japan with both maternal and
cord blood reported that maternal blood levels of Se at birth were
significantly associated with birth weight while cord blood levels of Se
were not. 124 …”
Section: Effects Of Environmental Exposures On Fetal and Childhoodmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Toxic metals reaching the fetus could impair or alter the uterine
environment and dysregulate the fetal epigenome, given that the embryo and
fetus are highly susceptible to epigenetic dysregulation by environmental
pollutants, 115,119 may affect gene
expression and enzyme activity in placental trophoblast cells, 124 act as endocrine
disruptors, 123,135–138 and/or develop persistent
vulnerabilities in immune system function that would affect fetal
development. 138,139 Trace minerals could
lead to adverse health effects at too high levels.…”
Section: Effects Of Environmental Exposures On Fetal and Childhoodmentioning
“…Of studies that collected both maternal blood at
birth and cord blood, one study found only maternal blood levels of Cu
was associated with gestational age of the baby, 122 while the other three studies
did not find any relationship between birth outcomes and serum Cu levels
in either maternal or cord blood samples. 114,118,124
Other studies that used either cord blood, 78 or maternal urine 95 did not find an
association between levels of Cu and adverse pregnancy outcomes.…”
Section: Effects Of Environmental Exposures On Fetal and Childhoodmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…One study from Japan with both maternal and
cord blood reported that maternal blood levels of Se at birth were
significantly associated with birth weight while cord blood levels of Se
were not. 124 …”
Section: Effects Of Environmental Exposures On Fetal and Childhoodmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Toxic metals reaching the fetus could impair or alter the uterine
environment and dysregulate the fetal epigenome, given that the embryo and
fetus are highly susceptible to epigenetic dysregulation by environmental
pollutants, 115,119 may affect gene
expression and enzyme activity in placental trophoblast cells, 124 act as endocrine
disruptors, 123,135–138 and/or develop persistent
vulnerabilities in immune system function that would affect fetal
development. 138,139 Trace minerals could
lead to adverse health effects at too high levels.…”
Section: Effects Of Environmental Exposures On Fetal and Childhoodmentioning
“…Exposure to Pb was found to be associated with birth weight either negatively [37,38], or insignificantly [34][35][36]. Non-significant correlations have been observed for Hg in maternal blood [35,36,39].…”
Abstract:The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relation between maternal blood levels of selected toxic and potentially toxic elements (manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg)) and birth weight of their new-borns in a Slovenian population, taking into account maternal socio-demographic characteristics and dietary habits. 535 women from 12 regions of Slovenia were recruited at delivery. Maternal blood was collected at 1.5 months after birth. Associations between birth weight and a) predictors obtained through the questionnaires and b) levels of selected elements were tested using bivariate tests and multiple linear regression. Multiple regression models revealed maternal age as an additional predictor for birth weight and confirmed pre-pregnancy body mass, estimated gestational age and gender of the baby as the main predictors for birth weight. Mn in maternal blood was significantly and positively associated with birth weight. The positive association observed between birth weight and Mn in maternal blood could be explained by the essentiality of Mn in foetal development as an important cofactor in enzyme reactions in bone formation and in metabolic regulation for amino acid, lipid, protein and carbohydrate levels.
“…These are required for a variety of biological processes including carbohydrate and protein metabolism, DNA and RNA synthesis, cellular replication and differentiation, and hormone regulation [7,8,9,10]. The importance of zinc to the growth of the fetus is demonstrated by the active transport of zinc across the placenta into the fetal circulation resulting in higher cord blood concentrations compared to those in the maternal circulation [11,12,13,14]. Rodent models of severe maternal zinc deficiency show increased rates of fetal loss and congenital malformations in the surviving fetuses [15] as well as reduced fetal growth [16,17,18], lower implantation rates and impaired placental growth [19], all highlighting the teratogenic effects of zinc deficiency in pregnancy.…”
Adequate zinc stores in the body are extremely important during periods of accelerated growth. However, zinc deficiency is common in developing countries and low maternal circulating zinc concentrations have previously been associated with pregnancy complications. We reviewed current literature assessing circulating zinc and dietary zinc intake during pregnancy and the associations with preeclampsia (PE); spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB); low birthweight (LBW); and gestational diabetes (GDM). Searches of MEDLINE; CINAHL and Scopus databases identified 639 articles and 64 studies were reviewed. In 10 out of 16 studies a difference was reported with respect to circulating zinc between women who gave birth to a LBW infant (≤2500 g) and those who gave birth to an infant of adequate weight (>2500 g), particularly in populations where inadequate zinc intake is prevalent. In 16 of our 33 studies an association was found between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and circulating zinc; particularly in women with severe PE (blood pressure ≥160/110 mmHg). No association between maternal zinc status and sPTB or GDM was seen; however; direct comparisons between the studies was difficult. Furthermore; only a small number of studies were based on women from populations where there is a high risk of zinc deficiency. Therefore; the link between maternal zinc status and pregnancy success in these populations cannot be established. Future studies should focus on those vulnerable to zinc deficiency and include dietary zinc intake as a measure of zinc status.
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