Associations of C-reactive Protein with 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 24 Specific Diseases: A Cross-sectional Study from NHANES

Abstract

Most diseases might be associated with acute or chronic inflammation, and the role of vitamin D in diseases has been extensively explored in recent years. Thus, we examined the associations of one of the best markers for inflammation-C-reactive protein (CRP) with 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in 24 specific diseases. We performed cross-sectional analyses among 9,809 subjects aged ≥18 years who participated in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2007~2010. The generalized additive model (GAM) was used to explore the associations of CRP with 25(OH)D in different diseases, adjusted for the age, gender, examination period and race. Distributions of CRP were significantly different (P < 0.05) in gender, examination period and race, and distributions of 25(OH)D were different (P < 0.05) in the examination period and race. Generally, CRP was negatively associated with 25(OH)D for majority diseases. 25(OH)D was negatively associated with CRP generally, and the associations were disease-specific and disease category-specific. In respiratory, gastrointestinal and mental diseases, the associations tended to be approximately linear. While in metabolic diseases, the associations were nonlinear, and the slope of the nonlinear curve decreased with 25(OH)D, especially when 25(OH)D < 30 μg/L.

Generalized correlation-based dynamical network analysis: a new high-performance approach for identifying allosteric communications in molecular dynamics trajectories

“…al. [92]. In particular, it consistently outperforms competing methods within the range of network sizes one tends to encounter in network analysis of macromolecular complexes (hundreds to thousands of nodes).…”

Associations between Vitamin D, Omega 6:Omega 3 Ratio, and Biomarkers of Aging in Individuals Living with and without Chronic Pain

“…The strength and the directionality of the associations between vitamin D and CRP appears to differ by conditions, and it is not always linear [68,69]. One study reported a strong inverse association between vitamin D and CRP in individuals with inflammatory diseases (acute and chronic) compared to non-inflammatory diseases (β −0.879 vs. −0.499) [69].…”

Low Serum Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Accompany Severe COVID-19 Because it is a Negative Acute Phase Reactant

“… It is well established that serum CRP and 25[OH]D levels are inversely correlated, as would be expected if 25[OH]D were a negative acute phase reactant. 6 , 7 Low blood levels of 25[OH]D are associated with numerous medical conditions consonant with metabolic stress, including preeclampsia, autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancers, type 2 diabetes, subcutaneous and visceral adiposity and obesity, neurological disorders, acute pancreatitis, and a variety of other inflammatory states. 8 , 9 These findings have generally been interpreted to indicate that deficiency of vitamin D predisposes to or aggravates those conditions, rather than considering the possibility that it is the conditions themselves that lead to a low 25[OH]D level – a classic chicken and egg conundrum.…”

“…It is well established that serum CRP and 25[OH]D levels are inversely correlated, as would be expected if 25[OH]D were a negative acute phase reactant. 6 , 7 …”