Associations of borderline personality disorder traits with stressful events and emotional reactivity in women with bulimia nervosa.

Pearson, Carolyn M.; Lavender, Jason M.; Cao, Li; Wonderlich, Stephen A.; Crosby, Ross D.; Engel, Scott G.; Mitchell, James E.; Peterson, Carol B.; Crow, Scott J.

doi:10.1037/abn0000225

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…It has been hypothesized that these comorbidities-specifically SUD and PD-develop on the basis of an increased impulsivity and affective instability in patients with BN [15][16][17][18]. This view is supported by findings that borderline PD traits are particularly common among patients with BN [19].…”

Section: Bulimia Nervosamentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric comorbidity as a risk factor for the mortality of people with bulimia nervosa

Himmerich

Hotopf

Shetty

et al. 2019

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Background Bulimia nervosa (BN) is associated with increased mortality. Frequent comorbidities of BN include substance use disorders, affective disorders and personality disorders (PD). These comorbidities may add an additional risk for mortality. Methods We investigated the influence of these psychiatric comorbidities on all-cause mortality with demographic and socioeconomic factors considered as confounders over an observation period from people with BN using anonymised health records data from the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), retrieved through its Clinical Records Interactive Search (CRIS) data resource. Mortality was ascertained through monthly linkages to the nationwide tracing system administered by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). We used Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multivariable analyses were also performed to estimate effects when controlling for confounding of age, sex, ethnicity, borough, marital status and deprivation score. Results A total of 18 patients with BN died during the observation period. The standardised mortality ratio (SMR) for our study cohort (against the population of England and Wales in 2012 as a standard) was 2.52 (95% CI 1.49-3.97). Cox regressions revealed significant associations of mortality with older age and male gender. Comorbid PD (HR: 3.36; 95% CI 1.05-10.73) was significantly associated with all-cause mortality, even after controlling for demographic and socioeconomic covariates. Conclusions These results highlight increased mortality in patients with BN and the importance of recognising and treating PDs in patients with BN.

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Section: Bulimia Nervosamentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric comorbidity as a risk factor for the mortality of people with bulimia nervosa

Himmerich

Hotopf

Shetty

et al. 2019

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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“…Research on the mechanisms linking the Big Five traits to within-person stress processes have primarily focused on whether people higher in neuroticism and related traits and disorders (e.g., insecure attachment, anxiety, depression) have stronger negative affect reactions to stressors than most people. In support of this potential mechanism, a large body of work has shown that these traits do indeed relate to stronger negative affect responses to stressors (Bolger et al, 1989;Bolger & Zuckerman, 1995;Howland et al, 2017;Longua et al, 2009;Mroczek & Almeida, 2004;Myin-Germeys et al, 2009;Parrish et al, 2011;Pearson et al, 2017;Zatura et al, 2005; but not always, see e.g., Hisler et al, 2020).Very few studies have examined whether other Big Five traits relate to negative affect responses to stress, and among those that have, the findings are less consistent. Different studies have shown that conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and openness amplify (Suls et al, 1998;Wrzus et al, 2021), dampen (Leger et al, 2016), or are unrelated (Kaurin et al, 2021;Leger et al, 2016) to negative affective responses to daily stress.…”

Section: Individual Differences In Daily Stress Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Stress Processes by Linking Big Five Personality States, Traits, and Day-to-Day Stressors

Ringwald¹,

Nielsen²,

Mostajabi³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The accumulation of day-to-day stressors can impact mental and physical health. How people respond to stressful events is a key mechanism responsible for the effects of stress, and individual differences in stress responses can either perpetuate or prevent negative consequences. Most research on daily stress processes has focused on affective responses to stressors, but stress responses can involve more than just affect. Additionally, most research has been on the role of neuroticism in shaping those responses, but many other individual differences are associated with stress outcomes. In this study, we more comprehensively characterized daily stress processes by expanding the nomological networks of stress responses to include Big Five personality states. We also linked those stress responses to all Big Five traits, as well as individual differences in stress exposure and stress appraisal. We studied a sample of participants (N = 1,090) who reported on stressful events, their appraisal of events in terms of severity and controllability, and their Big Five personality states daily for 7-10 days (N = 8,870 observations). Multi-level structural equation models were used to separate how characteristics of the perceived stressful situation and characteristics of the person play into daily stress processes. Results showed that (1) all Big Five personality states shift in response to perceived stress, (2) all Big Five personality traits relate to average levels of perceived stress exposure and appraisals, (3) individual differences in personality and average perceived stress exposure and perceived severity relate to the strength of personality state responses to daily stress. Our results point to new pathways by which stressors affect people in everyday life and begin to clarify processes that may explain individual differences in risk or resilience to the harmful effects of stress.

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“…As reflected in this special section, early career investigators are increasingly taking on this task. Pearson et al (2017) identified a joint effect between stable personality traits and the environmental experience of stress, such that, among women with BN, those with high risk traits experienced greater elevations in negative affect following stressful environmental events. Because negative affect is a well-established precursor to binge-purge events (Agras & Telch, 1998; Pearson, Zapolski, & Smith, 2015; Smyth et al, 2007), this finding indicates that the joint presence of an environmental event and an internal disposition heightens risk.…”

Section: Integration Across Multiple Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions from outstanding young eating disorder investigators: What we are learning, how we are learning it, and where might we go next?

Smith

Keel

2017

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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This is a time of striking progress in the field of eating disorders, and outstanding young psychological scientists are playing an important role in this progress. This special section provides a sample of this work, which is characterized by a diversity of research questions and methods. The importance of transdiagnostic processes that increase risk for both disordered eating and other dysfunction is reflected in articles that identify shared familial risk across disorders, integrate transdiagnostic and eating disorder-specific risk, and examine the impact of affective processing on restricting behavior. The importance of eating disorder-specific risk is reflected in an article on disorder-specific relations between hunger and taste. The importance of integrative risk models across levels of analysis is reflected in articles that investigate the heritable component of interactions between broad personality and disorder-specific risk factors, the momentary impact of personality traits on precipitants of binge-purge episodes, brain system function responses to environmental stressors, and cross-generational transmission of risk. The importance of further understanding the nature and scope of eating disorder pathology is reflected in a meta-analysis of purging disorder and an investigation of genetic effects on disordered eating in males. This commentary places these articles in the context of challenges facing the field and considers the future of eating disorders research. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Associations of borderline personality disorder traits with stressful events and emotional reactivity in women with bulimia nervosa.

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Psychiatric comorbidity as a risk factor for the mortality of people with bulimia nervosa

Psychiatric comorbidity as a risk factor for the mortality of people with bulimia nervosa

Characterizing Stress Processes by Linking Big Five Personality States, Traits, and Day-to-Day Stressors

Contributions from outstanding young eating disorder investigators: What we are learning, how we are learning it, and where might we go next?

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