“…Findings were consistent about total ST being associated with adverse psychological indicators like conduct problems, violence, bullying, depression, self-esteem issues, and risky behaviours such as intake of tobacco and alcohol ( Cao et al, 2011 ; Ferguson 2017 ; Frøyland et al, 2020 , Herman et al, 2015 ; Houghton et al, 2018 ; Janssen et al, 2012 ; Kremer et al, 2014 ; Okada et al, 2021 ; Orben & Przybylski, 2019 ; Rosen et al, 2014 ; Sampasa-Kanyinga et al, 2020 ; Sanders et al, 2019 ; Suchert et al, 2015 ; Werneck et al, 2018 ). One of these studies found a negative association between total ST and depression, self-esteem, self-concept of physical attractiveness and general self-efficacy to be significant for girls while for boys a significant association was only found with self-esteem ( Suchert et al, 2015 ).…”