Associations between temporomandibular disorders, pain, jaw and masticatory function in dentofacial deformity patients: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract

Background and objective: Patients with dentofacial deformity often present with impaired masticatory function, orofacial pain and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This study investigates the relationship between TMD, pain, jaw and masticatory function at different stages of orthognathic surgical (OS) treatment.Methods: A total of 120 OS patients were prospectively recruited and grouped as pre-orthodontic (group 1), pre-surgery (group 2), 4-month post-surgery (group 3), 24month post-surgery (group 4), in addition to 30 controls (group 0). Outcomes were assessed using: Jaw Function Limitation Scale (JFLS), McGill pain questionnaire, DC/ TMD instrument, voluntary maximum bite force (MVBF), and masticatory efficiency (ME) using two-coloured chewing gum. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling. Results:The prevalence of non-painful TMD did not differ between groups (p = .827).However, the prevalence of painful TMD differed between groups (p = .001). Among the painful TMDs, the highest prevalence was observed for masseter myalgia in group 2 (p = .031), and importantly group 4 did not differ from group 0 (p = .948). The MPQ score was significantly higher in group 1 (p = .001) compared to group 0, and the JFLS score was significantly higher in groups 1, 2 and 3 compared to group 0. Notably, | 747MADHAN et al.

Health‐related quality of life, jaw function and sleep‐disordered breathing among patients with dentofacial deformity

“…This approach combines regression, path analysis and factor analysis, allowing estimation and modelling of related predictors while considering the measurement errors inherent to each variable. 22,31 Results from SEM are explained within the context of data collection by including multiple independent and dependent variables in the same model, supporting simultaneous testing of direct and indirect effects. 31 The conceptual model was build based on the biological concepts from the literature.…”

“…Further BOS patients were categorised into four different groups (n = 30 per group). 22 The control group was termed group 0, and the BOS patients were divided into groups based on their treatment phase which followed a standard orthognathic surgical treatment sequence at the department. The patients who agreed to undergo BOS and were about to start the pre-surgical orthodontic treatment were included in the pre-orthodontic group (group 1); the patients who were prepared and ready to receive BOS were included in the pre-surgical group (group 2); the patients who had undergone BOS approximately 4 months previously were included in the 4-month postsurgery group (group 3); and the patients who had received BOS approximately 2 years previously were included in the 24-month post-surgery group (group 4).…”

“…The final model was obtained by removing non-significant paths to ensure the model parsimony and considering modifications suggested by the goodness-of-fit analysis whenever supported by scientific evidence. 22 Model fit was assessed using the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA < 0.08), the Comparative Fit Index (CFI > 0.95) and the Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI > 0.95). 22,35 3 | RE SULTS Demographic data are presented in Table 1.…”

“…22 Model fit was assessed using the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA < 0.08), the Comparative Fit Index (CFI > 0.95) and the Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI > 0.95). 22,35 3 | RE SULTS Demographic data are presented in Table 1. There was no significant age difference between groups (one-way ANOVA: p = .338), gender (chi-square: p = .945) or BMI (one-way ANOVA: p = .217).…”

Impact of Orthodontic-Surgical Treatments on the Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review

“…The seven studies included 570 patients, 529 of whom were undergoing orthodonticsurgical treatment (Table 2). The study by Madhan et al [26] included a control group of 30 patients. The variables relating to the demographics of the different studies included, according to the data available, are detailed in Table 2.…”