Associations between Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Maternal Attitudes towards Childhood Vaccination in Cyprus—A Cross-Sectional Survey

Abstract

Background: As vaccination acceptance is dynamic, the current COVID-19 pandemic may have changed maternal perceptions towards childhood vaccination and influenced their decision to vaccinate their children. This study aimed to examine the associations between socio-demographic characteristics and maternal attitudes towards childhood vaccination at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Cyprus. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2020 using a self-administered survey. Adult mothers with at least one child under the age of 18 were included in this study. Results: Overall, 703 mothers were included, with the majority of them strongly agreeing or agreeing that all vaccinations included in the National Vaccination Program should be available to children (89.3%), recognizing the usefulness of vaccines (91.4%) and their ability to provide protection (90%), acknowledging that the benefits of vaccination outweigh potential risks (86.6%), and being aware that some vaccines may cause adverse reactions (84.1%). Socio-demographic factors, particularly marital status, single-parent status, and employment status, have a significant impact on maternal attitudes and perceptions regarding childhood vaccination. Conclusions: Public health policies should be designed to overcome structural and healthcare system barriers specifically related to socio-demographic factors, ensuring effective and comprehensive strategies to improve childhood vaccination uptake.

Directing Compliance Realities: The Determinants of Compliance Officer Effectiveness in Cypriot Organizations

“…Guterres (2020) [23] emphasize the need of effective COs by stating that the smaller size and lack of exposure to international best practices in Cyprus make effective compliance management even more vital. In summary, COs in Cyprus are not only crucial organizational jobs; given the regulatory environment, they also become central characters in guiding the company through compliance issues, with a direct impact on the company's financial and ethical outcomes Berg & Yüksel, (2022) [6]; Guterres, (2020) [23]; Ilhan et al, (2020) [22]; Kyprianidou et al, (2023) [8]; Moutopoulos et al, (2021) [9].…”

“…When jurisdictionspecific degrees are taken into account, Krambia-Kapardis et al (2019) [2] discovered that efficacy increases by 35%. In the Cypriot context, EU and national rules add layers of complication that might have a significant impact on CO efficacy Berg & Yüksel, (2022) [6]; Ilhan et al, (2020) [22]; Kyprianidou et al, (2023) [8]; Moutopoulos et al, (2021) [9]. Each industry has its own set of compliance requirements.…”

“…COs in smaller enterprises may wear numerous hats and may not specialize, reducing their efficacy, as is prevalent in many Cypriot businesses, according to Demetriou and Constantinos (2021). According to Berg and Yüksel (2022) [6]; Kyprianidou et al (2023) [8]; Moutopoulos et al (2021) [9], more experienced COs are more effective, which is critical in Cyprus since the regulatory framework necessitates deep comprehension and nuanced decision-making.…”

“…The compliance landscape in Cyprus is much more complex, governed by both European Union and state rules Berg & Yüksel, (2022) [6]; Ilhan et al, (2020) [7]; Kyprianidou et al, (2023) [8]; Moutopoulos et al, (2021) [9]. According to the Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission (CySEC) report for 2021, regulatory compliance is the most important concern for 68 percent of financial firms.…”

“…According to the research, only roughly 53% of Cypriot firms fully meet EU compliance norms Berg industry-specific problems but did not investigate how these challenges intersect with jurisdiction or organizational size. Similarly, the use of AI in compliance has been investigated Ali et al (2023) [16]; Elghaish et al (2022) [17], but not as a mediator between different independent variables and the overall effectiveness of COs. Köprülü and Öznacar (2022) [21] stressed the need for a complete, context-specific study that integrates these variables in a meta-analysis, but empirical work in this area, particularly in the Cypriot setting, is absent Berg & Yüksel, (2022) [6]; Ilhan et al, (2020) [22]; Kyprianidou et al, (2023) [8]; Moutopoulos et al, (2021) [9]. Our research intends to fill this void by employing a holistic model that incorporates these aspects, resulting in a more comprehensive understanding of what influences CO efficacy and performance, as well as how technological adoption can mitigate these effects.…”