Associations between smoking and tooth loss according to the reason for tooth loss

Mai, Xiaodan; Wactawski‐Wende, Jean; Hovey, Kathleen M.; LaMonte, Michael J.; Chen, Chaoru; Tezal, Miné; Genco, Robert J.

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.2013.0112

Cited by 48 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Considering that heavy smokers are nearly 7 times more prone to tooth loss (Mai et al 2013), increasing numbers of this cohort are expected to require replacement of missing teeth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Smoking on the Peri-Implant Microbiome

et al. 2015

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Smokers are at high risk for 2 bacterially driven oral diseases: peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to use a deep-sequencing approach to identify the effect of smoking on the peri-implant microbiome in states of health and disease. Peri-implant biofilm samples were collected from 80 partially edentulous subjects with peri-implant health, peri-implant mucositis, and peri-implantitis. Bacterial DNA was isolated and 16S ribsomal RNA gene libraries sequenced using 454-pyrosequencing targeting the V1 to V3 and V7 to V9 regions. In total, 790,692 classifiable sequences were compared against the HOMD database for bacterial identification. Community-level comparisons were carried out using UniFrac and nonparametric tests. Microbial signatures of health in smokers exhibited lower diversity compared to nonsmokers, with significant enrichment for diseaseassociated species. Shifts from health to mucositis were accompanied by loss of several health-associated species, leading to a further decrease in diversity. Peri-implantitis did not differ significantly from mucositis in species richness or evenness. In nonsmokers, by contrast, the shift from health to mucositis resembled primary ecological succession, with acquisition of several species without replacement of pioneer organisms, thereby creating a significant increase in diversity. Again, few differences were detected between peri-implantitis and mucositis. Thus, our data suggest that smoking shapes the peri-implant microbiomes even in states of clinical health, by supporting a pathogen-rich community. In both smokers and nonsmokers, peri-implant mucositis appears to be a pivotal event in disease progression, creating high-at-risk-for-harm communities. However, ecological succession follows distinctly divergent pathways in smokers and nonsmokers, indicating a need for personalized therapeutics for control and prevention of disease in these 2 cohorts.

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“…Considering that heavy smokers are nearly 7 times more prone to tooth loss (Mai et al 2013), increasing numbers of this cohort are expected to require replacement of missing teeth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Smoking on the Peri-Implant Microbiome

et al. 2015

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“…Porém, o número de dentes perdidos foi significativamente maior nos fumantes do que nos não fumantes (p=0,0171). Mai et al 35 (2013), em um estudo para verificar possíveis associações entre o tabagismo e as causas da perda dentária, em mulheres pós--menopausa, encontraram que o hábito de fumar pode ser o principal fator da perda dentária devido à doença periodontal, mas parece ser menos importante nas perdas por cárie.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Ocorrência de doença periodontal, cárie e perda dentária em tabagistas pacientes de uma clínica-escola de Odontologia no sul do estado de Minas Gerais: estudo caso-controle

Barros

Gouvêa

Reis

et al. 2017

Rev. da Fac. de Odontologia, UPF

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“…Periodontitis constitutes the second cause of tooth loss worldwide [103][104][105]. Moreover, studies [106,107] performed in South and Central America have shown that the prevalence of severe disease is high (>30%) in these populations.…”

Section: Probiotics and Periodontitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics and Periodontal Diseases

Morales¹,

Bravo²,

Bedoya³

et al. 2017

Insights Into Various Aspects of Oral Health

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Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Probiotics have been used to directly modify the resident oral microbiome and proposed to modulate immune responses. In dentistry, probiotics have been employed as useful adjuncts for the reduction of caries development, suppressing oral Candida infection and controlling halitosis. Plaque-induced gingivitis is a gingival inflammation caused by the adherent bacterial biofilm around teeth. Gingivitis and periodontitis are considered to be a continuum of the same inflammatory process, although many gingivitis lesions do not progress to periodontitis. Periodontitis is an inflammatory process that affects the attachment structures of teeth. It constitutes a second cause of tooth loss worldwide. Conventional treatment modalities of periodontal disease include non-surgical and/or surgical management, with an emphasis on mechanical debridement. However, mechanical debridement as a sole therapy is not always effective to improve clinical parameters. A growing number of studies support probiotic therapy to prevent or treat gingivitis and periodontitis. Oral administration of probiotics is an effective adjunct in reducing pathogenic bacteria and improving clinical signs of disease. Probiotics may serve as adjunct or replacement therapy substitute antibiotics in managing human periodontal infections in future.

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Associations between smoking and tooth loss according to the reason for tooth loss

Cited by 48 publications

References 50 publications

The Influence of Smoking on the Peri-Implant Microbiome

The Influence of Smoking on the Peri-Implant Microbiome

Ocorrência de doença periodontal, cárie e perda dentária em tabagistas pacientes de uma clínica-escola de Odontologia no sul do estado de Minas Gerais: estudo caso-controle

Probiotics and Periodontal Diseases

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