Associations between sleep duration and insulin resistance in European children and adolescents considering the mediating role of abdominal obesity

Thumann, Barbara F.; Michels, Nathalie; Felső, Regina; Hunsberger, Monica; Kaprio, Jaakko; Moreno, Luís A.; Siani, Alfonso; Tornaritis, Michael; Veidebaum, Toomas; Henauw, Stefaan De; Ahrens, Wolfgang; Börnhorst, Claudia; consortia, I.Family

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0235049

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…[13]. The accumulation of abdominal fat is associated with the development of various disorders, such as atherogenic profile, arterial stiffness, elevated fibrinogen levels, hypertension, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, arthritis, irregular menstruation, and gallbladder disorders [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Research shows that physical exercise can reverse part of these obesity-related pathologies by decreasing the availability of free fatty acids and improving the insulin sensitivity of glucose metabolism [29], reducing hypertension [30], decreasing arterial stiffness [31], reducing both fibrinogen and fibrinolytic biomarkers [32], relieving arthritis [33,34], and improving menstrual issues [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Changes and Pathological Pain Associated with Sedentary Lifestyle-Induced Body Systems Fat Accumulation and Their Modulation by Physical Exercise

Verdú

Homs

Boadas-Vaello

2021

IJERPH

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A sedentary lifestyle is associated with overweight/obesity, which involves excessive fat body accumulation, triggering structural and functional changes in tissues, organs, and body systems. Research shows that this fat accumulation is responsible for several comorbidities, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and metabolic dysfunctions, as well as pathological pain behaviors. These health concerns are related to the crosstalk between adipose tissue and body systems, leading to pathophysiological changes to the latter. To deal with these health issues, it has been suggested that physical exercise may reverse part of these obesity-related pathologies by modulating the cross talk between the adipose tissue and body systems. In this context, this review was carried out to provide knowledge about (i) the structural and functional changes in tissues, organs, and body systems from accumulation of fat in obesity, emphasizing the crosstalk between fat and body tissues; (ii) the crosstalk between fat and body tissues triggering pain; and (iii) the effects of physical exercise on body tissues and organs in obese and non-obese subjects, and their impact on pathological pain. This information may help one to better understand this crosstalk and the factors involved, and it could be useful in designing more specific training interventions (according to the nature of the comorbidity).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Changes and Pathological Pain Associated with Sedentary Lifestyle-Induced Body Systems Fat Accumulation and Their Modulation by Physical Exercise

Verdú

Homs

Boadas-Vaello

2021

IJERPH

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“…These associations may also indicate that short sleep duration can either directly increase blood glucose or affect insulin resistance through different pathways, including obesity, which indirectly leads to glucose dysregulation and breaks blood glucose homeostasis. It can also directly increase insulin resistance by changing glucose metabolism [39]. Our ndings suggest that an increase within a reasonable range in sleep duration can reduce excessive fasting blood glucose and reduce BMI simultaneously, thereby reducing the risk of T2D.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Associations Between Night Sleep Duration and Fasting Glucose and Triglyceride To High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Among Adults Free of Type 2 Diabetes or Without Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

Hong

Zhang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background We aim to assess the associations between night sleep duration and fasting glucose (FG), triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, and body mass index (BMI) among adults free of type 2 diabetes (T2D) or without diagnosed T2D. Methods We analyzed the baseline data of a cohort. We included adults free of T2D or without diagnosed T2D who completed the validated questionnaire, biochemical and anthropometric measurements. Independent association between sleep duration and FG, TG/HDL-C, BMI was evaluated with multiple U-shaped or linear regressions. Results We included 32497 adults with a median of 44 years, 52.5% men. Overall, 12.80% and 9.67% reported night sleep duration <7h and ≥9h, 6.91% were with impaired FG and 3.57% had undiagnosed T2D. Sleep duration was independently U-shaped associated with FG [β1 (linear term) =-0.111, P=0.047; β2 (quadratic term) =0.008, P=0.026] with 6.9-hour sleep had the lowest FG, and negatively associated with BMI (β = -0.154, P<0.001). BMI mediated U-shaped association of sleep duration with TG/HDL-C (β1=-0.040, P=0.017; β2 = 0.003, P=0.023). Conclusions Both short and long night sleep was associated with elevated FG, shorter sleep was associated with increased BMI. BMI mediated the U-shaped association between sleep duration and TG/HDL-C.

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“…The pubertal status was self‐reported by children in T 3 , and was defined as pre‐pubertal or pubertal based on voice change in boys and age at menarche in girls. This definition of pubertal status has given similar results when compared to Tanner stage in this cohort previously 21 . We used the number of occasions reported for alcohol intake/cigarette smoking in lifetime to create binary indicator variables for alcohol intake and smoking of ever smokers/drinkers versus nonsmokers/non‐drinkers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Longitudinal association of inflammatory markers with markers of glycaemia and insulin resistance in European children

Nagrani

Foraita

Wolters

et al. 2021

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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Purpose Subclinical systemic inflammation may lead to development of type 2 diabetes, but there has been no investigation into its relationship with early progression of glycaemic deterioration and insulin resistance, especially in younger population. In this study we assessed longitudinal associations of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory markers with markers that evaluate glycaemia and insulin resistance. Methods This study includes 6537 initially nondiabetic children (mean age at baseline = 6.2 years) with repeated measurements from the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort study (mean follow‐up = 5.3 years) from eight European countries. Markers of inflammation were used as independent variables and markers of glycaemia/insulin resistance as dependent variables. Associations were examined using two‐level growth model. Models were adjusted for sex, age, major lifestyle, metabolic risk factors, early life markers, and other inflammatory markers in final model. Results Children with 6 years of follow‐up showed that a one‐unit increase in z‐score of leptin level was associated with 0.38 (95% CI = 0.32 to 0.44) unit increase in HOMA‐IR z‐scores. Leptin continued to be associated with HOMA‐IR even when analysis was limited to children with no overall obesity, no abdominal obesity, and low to normal triglyceride levels. An inverse association was observed between IL‐15 and HOMA‐IR (β = −0.11, 95% CI = −0.15 to −0.07). Conclusions IL‐15 should be evaluated further in the prevention or treatment of prediabetes whereas leptin may prove to be useful in early detection of prediabetes via their association with markers of insulin resistance in European children.

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Associations between sleep duration and insulin resistance in European children and adolescents considering the mediating role of abdominal obesity

Abstract: ¶ Membership of the IDEFICS and I.Family Consortia is listed in the Acknowledgments.

Cited by 18 publications

References 63 publications

Physiological Changes and Pathological Pain Associated with Sedentary Lifestyle-Induced Body Systems Fat Accumulation and Their Modulation by Physical Exercise

Physiological Changes and Pathological Pain Associated with Sedentary Lifestyle-Induced Body Systems Fat Accumulation and Their Modulation by Physical Exercise

Associations Between Night Sleep Duration and Fasting Glucose and Triglyceride To High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Among Adults Free of Type 2 Diabetes or Without Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

Longitudinal association of inflammatory markers with markers of glycaemia and insulin resistance in European children

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