Associations between Sarcopenic Obesity and Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Chinese Community-Dwelling Individuals

Wang, H.; Hai, Shan; Liu, Y. X.; Cao, Li; Liu, Y.; Liu, P.; Yang, Ying; Dong, Birong

doi:10.1007/s12603-018-1088-3

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…With an increase in adipose tissue, oxidative stress, such as that induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), increases and leads to the activation of stress pathways, such as the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), I-B kinase (IKK) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) pathways, which lead to the deactivation of the insulin receptor and its substrate [50]. ROS also inhibit mitochondrial function, which damages and promotes the development of insulin resistance [51]. The loss of ageing skeletal muscle reduces the quality of insulin response target tissue and aggravates insulin resistance [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics Study of Whole-body Vibration on Lipid Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle in Aging Mice

et al. 2020

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Ageing increases the occurrence and development of many diseases. Exercise is believed to be an effective way to improve ageing and skeletal muscle atrophy. However, many elderly people are unable to engage in active exercise. Whole-body vibration is a passive way of moving that is especially suitable for the elderly and people who find it inconvenient to exercise. Metabolomics is the systematic study of metabolic changes in small molecules. In this study, metabolomics studies were performed to investigate the regulatory effect of whole-body vibration on the skeletal muscles of ageing mice. After 12 weeks, we found that whole-body vibration had the most obvious effect on lipid metabolism pathways (such as linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways) in skeletal muscle of ageing mice. Through further research we found that whole-body vibration decreased the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein in blood; decreased the lipid deposition in skeletal muscle; decreased the protein expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-6; improved the protein levels of phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1, phosphate phosphoinositide 3-kinase and p-AKT; improved the protein levels of klotho; and decreased the protein expression of p53. These findings reveal that whole-body vibration might postpone senility by attenuating lipid deposition and reducing chronic inflammation and the insulin resistance of skeletal muscle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics Study of Whole-body Vibration on Lipid Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle in Aging Mice

et al. 2020

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“…A few studies reported gender-related differences in muscle mass, where males were found to have significantly higher ASM and ASMI than females [14, 16, 34, 49, 50]. Recent cross-sectional studies in adults aged 60 years and above reported that the prevalence of low ASMI using AWGS criteria for BIA was 19.6%-26.5% in males and 19.7%-31.9% in females [29, 51]. Further to this, two studies in community-dwelling Japanese older adults used EWGSOP criteria (men <7.0 kg/m 2 and women <5.8 kg/m 2 ) [52] reported that prevalence of low ASMI was 32.2%-38.4% in males and 38.7%-48.9% in females [53, 54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with muscle mass in community-dwelling older people in Singapore: Findings from the SHIELD study

et al. 2019

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ObjectivesAging is associated with low muscle mass and has been linked to adverse health outcomes. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were: (1) to describe anthropometry, body composition, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI; appendicular skeletal muscle mass/height2), and prevalence of low ASMI in older people with normal nutritional status (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool score = 0); (2) to determine factors associated with ASMI, and odds ratios of having low ASMI.MethodsSHIELD is a study of community-dwelling older people aged 65 years and above in Singapore. ASMI was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis and low ASMI was defined as <7.0 kg/m2 for males and <5.7 kg/m2 for females (Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, 2014).ResultsA total of 400 older people (183 males and 217 females) took part in this study. The overall prevalence of low ASMI was 20.6% (15.5% in males and 24.9% in females). Females had significantly lower ASMI than males (P < 0.0001), age was inversely associated with ASMI (P = 0.0024) while BMI and calf circumference were positively associated with ASMI (both P < 0.0001) in the total cohort. In addition, ASMI was positively associated with bone mass in both genders (both P < 0.0001). After adjusting for covariates, the odds ratios of having low ASMI with every 1 year and 10 years increase in age were 1.13 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.20) and 3.36 (95% CI: 1.82, 6.21) respectively.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of low ASMI in community-dwelling older people with normal nutritional status highlights the need for early screening. There was a strong inverse association between age and ASMI while BMI, calf circumference and bone mass were positively associated with ASMI. These findings will give further weight to the importance and development of public health strategies in maintaining and improving muscle health in this population group.

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“…When sarcopenia, a condition of loss of muscle mass and function with advancing age, occurs in the face of excessive fat accumulation, the condition is known as sarcopenic obesity, and is more common with increasing age and adiposity [ 22 ]. Wang et al, (2019) [ 23 ] examined the associations between sarcopenic obesity and cognitive impairment in 948 community-dwelling Chinese people aged 60–92 years. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (on which a score ≤ 24 suggests mild dementia), whole body composition was estimated using bioimpedance analysis, and the participants were separated into four groups: sarcopenic obese, sarcopenic, obese, and normal, determined by their levels of muscle mass and fat mass.…”

Section: Obesity Weight Loss and Neurocognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Brain Function: The Brain–Body Crosstalk

Sui

Pasco

2020

Medicina

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Dementia comprises a wide range of progressive and acquired neurocognitive disorders. Obesity, defined as excessive body fat tissue, is a common health issue world-wide and a risk factor for dementia. The adverse effects of obesity on the brain and the central nervous system have been the subject of considerable research. The aim of this review is to explore the available evidence in the field of body–brain crosstalk focusing on obesity and brain function, to identify the major research measurements and methodologies used in the field, to discuss the potential risk factors and biological mechanisms, and to identify the research gap as a precursor to systematic reviews and empirical studies in more focused topics related to the obesity–brain relationship. To conclude, obesity appears to be associated with reduced brain function. However, obesity is a complex health condition, while the human brain is the most complicated organ, so research in this area is difficult. Inconsistency in definitions and measurement techniques detract from the literature on brain–body relationships. Advanced techniques developed in recent years are capable of improving investigations of this relationship.

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Associations between Sarcopenic Obesity and Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Chinese Community-Dwelling Individuals

Cited by 36 publications

References 50 publications

Metabolomics Study of Whole-body Vibration on Lipid Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle in Aging Mice

Metabolomics Study of Whole-body Vibration on Lipid Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle in Aging Mice

Factors associated with muscle mass in community-dwelling older people in Singapore: Findings from the SHIELD study

Obesity and Brain Function: The Brain–Body Crosstalk

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