Associations between Rice, Noodle, and Bread Intake and Sleep Quality in Japanese Men and Women

Abstract

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that a diet with a high-glycemic index is associated with good sleep quality. Therefore, we investigated the association of sleep quality with the intake of 3 common starchy foods with different glycemic indexes–rice, bread, and noodles–as well as the dietary glycemic index in a Japanese population.MethodsThe participants were 1,848 men and women between 20 and 60 years of age. Rice, bread, and noodle consumption was evaluated using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Sleep quality was evaluated by using the Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and a global score >5.5 was considered to indicate poor sleep.ResultsMultivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for poor sleep across the quintiles of rice consumption were 1.00 (reference), 0.68 (0.49–0.93), 0.61 (0.43–0.85), 0.59 (0.42–0.85), and 0.54 (0.37–0.81) (p for trend = 0.015); those for the quintiles of noodle consumption were 1.00 (reference), 1.25 (0.90–1.74), 1.05 (0.75–1.47), 1.31 (0.94–1.82), and 1.82 (1.31–2.51) (p for trend = 0.002). Bread intake was not associated with sleep quality. A higher dietary glycemic index was significantly associated with a lower risk of poor sleep (p for trend = 0.020).ConclusionA high dietary glycemic index and high rice consumption are significantly associated with good sleep in Japanese men and women, whereas bread intake is not associated with sleep quality and noodle consumption is associated with poor sleep. The different associations of these starchy foods with sleep quality might be attributable to the different glycemic index of each food.

Dietary Patterns and Insomnia Symptoms in Chinese Adults: The China Kadoorie Biobank

“…Magnesium could enhance the secretion of melatonin by stimulating serotonin N -acetyltransferase activity [25], as well as act as a γ-aminobutyric acid agonist to improve sleep [26]. However, inconsistent results were reported in a cross-sectional study among Japanese adults [8]. Therefore, further studies on the associations and their underlying mechanisms between long-term consumption of starchy staple food and sleep quality are needed.…”

“…A high carbohydrate intake was reported to be associated with poor sleep quality among middle-aged female Japanese workers [7]. Another study reported that the direction of association between carbohydrates and sleep quality were different due to the glycemic index of each food, such as rice, bread, and noodle [8]. Recent results from a Chinese cohort reported that dinner fat intake and soy isoflavone were associated with sleep parameters over five years [9,10].…”

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“…Sehubungan dengan jenis makanan yang dikonsumsi, Yoneyamai dkk mengungkapkan bahwa responden dengan konsumsi beras yang tinggi memiliki kualitas tidur yang baik, dan responden dengan konsumsi mi yang tinggi berkorelasi dengan kualitas tidur yang buruk. 16 Studi yang dilakukan oleh St-Onge dkk menyatakan bahwa beberapa makanan seperti konsumsi susu, ikan, buah-buahan serta sayuran dapat memberikan efek yang mempromosikan tidur. 17 Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh penulis di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana diikuti oleh mahasiswa dengan jenis kelamin berbeda serta latar belakang kebudayaan yang beranekaragam.…”

Sleep and Aging: Challenges and Recommendations for Middle-Aged and Older Adults

“…Likewise, as noted by Masters () and Roundtree (), the impact of alcohol is well documented: Drinking alcohol before bedtime may help induce sleep but also contributes to waking up in the middle of the night. Studies have also shown that overall diets (e.g., high‐glycemic diets; Yoneyama et al, ) are associated with improved sleep and that eating certain foods can improve sleep. For example, Lin, Tsai, Fang, and Liu () found that kiwifruit eaten 1 hour before bedtime reduced the time to fall asleep and increased total sleep time and efficiency among adults between 20 and 55 years of age, and Garrido et al () found that ingestion of tart cherry juice increased total sleep time and sleep efficiency among small samples of middle‐aged (ages 35–55) and older adults (ages 65–85).…”