Associations between preschool attendance and developmental impairments in pre-school children in a six-year retrospective survey

Stich, Heribert; Baune, Bernhard T.; Caniato, Riccardo; Krämer, Alexander

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-260

Cited by 13 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Some attempts to measure these influences have been made over recent years. The effect of visiting a kindergarten [24], the influence of migration status [35] and the effects of selected behavioural and environment-related factors [1] on the development of preschool children were estimated. However, since these studies were all from the district of Dingolfing-Landau, it is not clear to what degree the same factors operate in other regions of Germany or in other countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assessment consisted of a comprehensive physical, psychological and behavioural assessment that has been developed by the Public Health Service of Bavaria. The examination was designed to provide information to the department of education for the purpose of facilitating changes in education policy and to allow early intervention for children at risk [24]. The assessment was based on a modified manual established in 1997 by the Working Group “School and Youth Health Care in Public Health Service” [25].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual development of preschool children-prevalences and determinants of delays in Germany: a cross-sectional study in Southern Bavaria

Stich

Baune

Caniato³

et al. 2012

BMC Pediatr

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BackgroundEven minor abnormalities of early child development may have dramatic long term consequences. Accurate prevalence rates for a range of developmental impairments have been difficult to establish. Since related studies have used different methodological approaches, direct comparisons of the prevalence of developmental delays are difficult. The understanding of the key factors affecting child development, especially in preschool aged children remains limited. We used data from school entry examinations in Bavaria to measure the prevalence of developmental impairments in pre-school children beginning primary school in 1997–2009.MethodsThe developmental impairments of all school beginners in the district of Dingolfing- Landau, Bavaria were assessed using modified “Bavarian School Entry Model” examination from 1997 to 2009 (N=13,182). The children were assessed for motor, cognitive, language and psychosocial impairments using a standardised medical protocol. Prevalence rates of impairments in twelve domains of development were estimated. Using uni- and multivariable logistic regression models, association between selected factors and development delays were assessed.ResultsThe highest prevalence existed for impairments of pronunciation (13.8%) followed by fine motor impairments (12.2%), and impairments of memory and concentration (11.3%) and the lowest for impairments of rhythm of speech (3.1%). Younger children displayed more developmental delays. Male gender was strongly associated with all developmental impairments (highest risk for fine motor impairments = OR 3.22, 95% confidence interval 2.86-3.63). Preschool children with siblings (vs. children without any siblings) were at higher risk of having impairments in pronunciation (OR 1.31, 1.14-1.50). The influence of the non-German nationality was strong, with a maximum risk increase for the subareas of grammar and psychosocial development. Although children with non-German nationality had a reduced risk of disorders for the rhythm of speech and pronunciation, in all other 10 subareas their risk was increased.ConclusionsIn preschool children, most common were delays of pronunciation, memory and concentration. Age effects suggest that delays can spontaneously resolve, but providing support at school entry might be helpful. Boys and migrant children appear at high risk of developmental problems, which may warrant tailored intervention strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual development of preschool children-prevalences and determinants of delays in Germany: a cross-sectional study in Southern Bavaria

Stich

Baune

Caniato³

et al. 2012

BMC Pediatr

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“…Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between obesity and impairment in each subdivision while controlling for potential covariates, namely, age, gender, nationality, year of recruitment and location and duration of kindergarten. 17 Where the effects of both obesity and gender on performance in a given subdivision were significant, the analysis was repeated separately for males and females. A significance level (a) of Po0.05 was adopted for all tests and all analyses were conducted using SPSS Version 14.0.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All members of the team were blind to the research questions. A modified version of the 'Bavarian Model' for school entry examinations 17 was employed that yielded data on physical and psychological health in four main developmental areas: motor, speech, cognition and psychosocial development. Date of the examination and date of birth of the child were used to obtain exact age at the examination.…”

Section: Assessment Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between obesity and developmental functioning in pre-school children: a population-based study

et al. 2007

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Objective: To examine associations between obesity and impairment in developmental functioning in a general population sample of pre-school children. Method: Standardized medical examinations were conducted in nine consecutive cohorts of male and female children (n ¼ 9415) aged between 4.4 and 8.6 years (mean ¼ 6.0, s.d. ¼ 0.37) residing in the Lower Bavaria region of Germany. Tests designed to assess performance in subdivisions representing four broad developmental domains, namely, motor development, speech development, cognitive development and psycho-social development, were completed by all participants. Results: Boys had significantly higher rates of impairment than girls. The prevalence of obesity in boys was 2.4%, whereas in girls it was 4.3% (w 2 ¼ 21.51, Po 0.01). After controlling for age, gender, year of recruitment and other potential covariates, the prevalence of impairment in gross motor skills was higher among obese male children than normal-weight male children (adjusted odds ratio ¼ 1.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ 1.02, 3.01, Po 0.05), whereas the prevalence of impairment in the ability to focus attention was higher in obese female children than normal-weight female children (adjusted odds ratio ¼ 1.86, 95% CI ¼ 1.00, 3.44, Po 0.05). Conclusions: The findings suggest that gender-specific associations between obesity and impairment in specific aspects of developmental functioning may be evident in younger children.

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Influence of kindergarten on numbers of multiple developmental delays in preschoolers: an analysis over 14 years

Stich¹,

Caniato²,

Krämer

et al. 2016

Int J Public Health

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Associations between preschool attendance and developmental impairments in pre-school children in a six-year retrospective survey

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Individual development of preschool children-prevalences and determinants of delays in Germany: a cross-sectional study in Southern Bavaria

Individual development of preschool children-prevalences and determinants of delays in Germany: a cross-sectional study in Southern Bavaria

Associations between obesity and developmental functioning in pre-school children: a population-based study

Influence of kindergarten on numbers of multiple developmental delays in preschoolers: an analysis over 14 years

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