Associations between observed concentrations of ethylene oxide in whole blood and smoking, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, and cancers including breast cancer: data for US children, adolescents, and adults

Jain, Ram B.

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-08564-z

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Kirman et al [3] also evaluated exogenous EO exposures from populations of smoking individuals as well as non-smoking individuals. Since increased prevalence of EOassociated cancer (lymphoid and breast) was not observed with the elevated exposures to EO from smoking where endogenous production levels were up to an order of magnitude higher than for non-smokers [33], endogenous equivalent and total equivalent concentrations for nonsmokers in the general population should be considered to be conservative metrics in informing risk management decisions for locally exposed populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Oxide Exposure in U.S. Populations Residing Near Sterilization and Other Industrial Facilities: Context Based on Endogenous and Total Equivalent Concentration Exposures

Sheehan

Lewis

Kirman

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Given ubiquitous human exposure to ethylene oxide (EO), regardless of occupation or geography, the current risk-specific concentrations (RSCs: 0.0001–0.01 ppb) from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cancer risk assessment for EO are not useful metrics for managing EO exposures to the general U.S. population. The magnitude of the RSCs for EO are so low, relative to typical endogenous equivalent metabolic concentrations (1.1–5.5 ppb) that contribute ~93% of total exposure, that the RSCs provide little utility in identifying excess environmental exposures that might increase cancer risk. EO monitoring data collected in the vicinity of eight EO-emitting facilities and corresponding background locations were used to characterize potential excess exogenous concentrations. Both 50th and 90th percentile exogenous exposure concentrations were combined with the 50th percentile endogenous exposure concentration for the nonsmoking population, and then compared to percentiles of total equivalent concentration for this population. No potential total exposure concentration for these local populations exceeded the normal total equivalent concentration 95th percentile, indicating that excess facility-related exposures are unlikely to require additional management to protect public health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Oxide Exposure in U.S. Populations Residing Near Sterilization and Other Industrial Facilities: Context Based on Endogenous and Total Equivalent Concentration Exposures

Sheehan

Lewis

Kirman

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…That is, the column heights for each of the three exogenous exposure options are essentially the same, particularly when the variation in the endogenous and tobacco smoke pathways (error bars = SD in Figure 9) are taken into consideration. Since the increased prevalence of cancer was not observed with the elevated exposures to ethylene oxide from smoking (dark gray regions in Figure 9) (Jain 2020), and since the exogenous pathway (medium gray regions in Figure 9) is not an important contributor to total exposure in most cases, managing the potential risks from the exogenous pathway by investing resources to reduce ambient or site-related air concentrations of ethylene oxide to 1 × 10 −5 RSC levels are not expected to result in a meaningful change to public health for nonsmoking individuals, smoking individuals, or a mixed population of smokers and nonsmokers.…”

Section: Example Application To Site-specific Data For Ethylene Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene oxide review: characterization of total exposure via endogenous and exogenous pathways and their implications to risk assessment and risk management

Kirman

Sheehan

et al. 2020

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B

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“…Ethylene oxide (EO) is present throughout in the environment, deriving from sterilized medical equipment, fumigated food, cosmetics, and inhalation of contaminated air, tobacco smoke and car exhaust fumes ( 10 , 11 ). EO is a direct-acting alkylating agent, and acute exposure to EO can cause nausea, bronchitis, and pulmonary edema; Chronic long-term exposure increases the risk of neurological disorders and cancer ( 12 , 13 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive association between blood ethylene oxide levels and metabolic syndrome: NHANES 2013-2020

Zhou,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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PurposeThe exposure of Ethylene oxide (EO) is linked to systemic inflammatory response and various cardiovascular risk factors. Hemoglobin’s binding to ethylene oxide (HbEO) was used to measure serum EO level. This research aims to explore the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and HbEO, and between HbEO and components of metabolic syndrome.MethodThis research included 1842 participants from 2013 to 2020 in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Weighted logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between HbEO and metabolic syndrome risk, using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The restricted cubic spline plot explores whether there is a dose-response relationship between HbEO and MetS risk. Subgroup analysis was performed to analyze study heterogeneity.ResultsSignificant differences were found in gender, educational level, marital status, diabetes status and hypertension among different groups (P < 0.001, P = 0.007, P = 0.003, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). The serum HbEO level exhibited positive correlation with metabolic syndrome risk in Q2 level (OR=1.64, 1.04~2.48), Q3 level (OR=1.99, 1.29~3.08), and Q4 level (OR=2.89, 1.92~4.34). The dose-response association suggested a possible linear association between serum HbEO and metabolic syndrome risk (P-overall=0.0359, P-non-linear=0.179). L-shaped association was found between HbEO and the risk of MetS in female population, obese population and mid-age and elder population (P-overall<0.001, P-non-linear=0.0024; P-overall=0.0107, P-non-linear=0.0055 P-overall<0.001 P-non-linear=0.0157).ConclusionThis study indicates a linear correlation between MetS and HbEO, with MetS risk escalating as HbEO levels increase. The prevalence of MetS varies depending on BMI, age and gender, and these factors can also influence MetS prevalence when exposed to EO.

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Associations between observed concentrations of ethylene oxide in whole blood and smoking, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, and cancers including breast cancer: data for US children, adolescents, and adults

Cited by 25 publications

References 11 publications

Ethylene Oxide Exposure in U.S. Populations Residing Near Sterilization and Other Industrial Facilities: Context Based on Endogenous and Total Equivalent Concentration Exposures

Ethylene Oxide Exposure in U.S. Populations Residing Near Sterilization and Other Industrial Facilities: Context Based on Endogenous and Total Equivalent Concentration Exposures

Ethylene oxide review: characterization of total exposure via endogenous and exogenous pathways and their implications to risk assessment and risk management

Positive association between blood ethylene oxide levels and metabolic syndrome: NHANES 2013-2020

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