Associations between leptospiral infection and seropositivity in rodents and environmental characteristics in Argentina

Vanasco, Norma Bibiana; Sequeira, María D.; Sequeira, Gabriel; Tarabla, Héctor D.

doi:10.1016/s0167-5877(03)00144-2

Cited by 60 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Increasing mass/age-related acquisition of one or more pathogens among Norway rats has been previously documented by other studies in Brazil and in temperate-zone cities in Argentina (Vanasco et al 2003, de Faria et al 2008). This consistent pattern of infection acquisition has been hypothesized to be the result of the continual risk of infection over time, starting when young rats ( < 50 grams) leave the nest environment and disperse from natal sites (Klein 2002, Vanasco et al 2003, Easterbrook et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…This consistent pattern of infection acquisition has been hypothesized to be the result of the continual risk of infection over time, starting when young rats ( < 50 grams) leave the nest environment and disperse from natal sites (Klein 2002, Vanasco et al 2003, Easterbrook et al 2007). Although the mass/ age-specific prevalence curves from Salvador suggest different mass/age dynamics of infection for Leptospira spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Infections byLeptospira interrogans, Seoul Virus, andBartonellaspp. Among Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus) from the Urban Slum Environment in Brazil

Costa

Porter

Rodrigues

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

121

118

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Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) are reservoir hosts for zoonotic pathogens that cause significant morbidity and mortality in humans. Studies evaluating the prevalence of zoonotic pathogens in tropical Norway rat populations are rare, and data on co-infection with multiple pathogens are nonexistent. Herein, we describe the prevalence of leptospiral carriage, Seoul virus (SEOV), and Bartonella spp. infection independently, in addition to the rates of co-infection among urban, slum-dwelling Norway rats in Salvador, Brazil, trapped during the rainy season from June to August of 2010. These data were complemented with previously unpublished Leptospira and SEOV prevalence information collected in 1998. Immunofluorescence staining of kidney impressions was used to identify Leptospira interrogans in 2010, whereas isolation was used in 1998, and western blotting was used to detect SEOV antibodies in 2010, whereas enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used in 1998: in 2010, Bartonella spp. were isolated from a subsample of rats. The most common pathogen in both years was Leptospira spp. (83%, n = 142 in 1998, 63%, n = 84 in 2010). SEOV was detected in 18% of individuals in both 1998 and 2010 (n = 78 in 1998; n = 73 in 2010), and two species of Bartonella were isolated from 5 of 26 rats (19%) tested in 2010. The prevalence of all agents increased significantly with rat mass/age. Acquisition of Leptospira spp. occurred at a younger mass/age than SEOV and Bartonella spp. infection, suggesting differences in the transmission dynamics of these pathogens. These data indicate that Norway rats in Salvador serve as reservoir hosts for all three of these zoonotic pathogens and that the high prevalence of leptospiral carriage in Salvador rats poses a high degree of risk to human health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Infections byLeptospira interrogans, Seoul Virus, andBartonellaspp. Among Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus) from the Urban Slum Environment in Brazil

Costa

Porter

Rodrigues

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

121

118

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“…Serum samples were kept at −20°C or in liquid nitrogen until processed. 11 Each captured animal had a unique identification number, with date and location of capture, species, age (juvenile or adult), lactational status, and any gross pathology noted on necropsy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample size was predicted based on the following assumptions: at least 10% of the animals were infected (based on similar studies conducted elsewhere), 5,10,11 larger numbers of rodents would be necessary to detect more Leptospira serovars and minimize trap success bias when placed within or outside of particular microhabitats and near to houses or land property of patients known to have had a history of leptospirosis. Although the targeted numbers of some animal species (cats and donkeys) were suboptimal because of low clinical veterinary caseloads during this period, the obtained data may slightly tend to over-or underestimate the proportions of infected and carrier animal species, typical of most similar studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Species Surveillance of Leptospira in Domestic and Peri-Domestic Animals in Mahalla City, Gharbeya Governorate, Egypt

Felt¹,

Wasfy²,

El‐Tras³

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. A survey of 179 animals (black rats, dogs, sheep, buffaloes, cattle, donkeys, weasels, and cats) for Leptospira infection was conducted in Mahalla City (Lower Egypt). Blood, urine, and kidney were collected and tested by culture, microscopic agglutination test (MAT), and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among rats, 26% were positive by PCR, including 7% that were also positive by culture for L. interrogans serovars Grippotyphosa, Pyrogenes, and Icterohaemorrhagiae. L. borpetersenii serovar Polonica was isolated for the first time in Egypt in three rats. MAT titers ≥ 1:800 were observed in 11% of rats and 12% of dogs. L. interrogans serovar Grippotyphosa was detected in one cat. Sheep and donkeys were negative for leptospirosis by all methods. Buffaloes and cattle were seropositive in 20% and 44% of animals, respectively. Data indicate that several pathogenic serovars are circulating in the animals, which may pose exposure risks and account for high rates of acute febrile illness.

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“…Por esta razón se debe implementar otro tipo de estudio epidemiológico que permita encontrar asociación causal para definir estas variables como factores de riesgo (19). Además para el caso de los roedores su presencia depende de la época del año, la utilización agropecuaria de los suelos de la finca y la forma de almacenamiento de los granos y concentrados (20), factores que se tuvieron en cuenta dentro del análisis pero que igualmente no presentan diferencia para los casos y controles.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Factores de riesgo asociados a aborto bovino en la cuenca lechera del departamento de Nariño

B¹,

Jurado

Q³

2010

Rev MVZ Córdoba

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RESUMENObjetivo. Identificar los factores asociados al aumento en la probabilidad de ocurrencia del aborto bovino, permitiendo la implementación de programas de control efectivos. Materiales y métodos. Se trabajó con una prevalencia superior al 5% según datos obtenidos por Colácteos en el 2003 de la cuenca lechera. Los factores de riesgo asociados a la presentación de aborto se agruparon en agentes etiológicos de origen infeccioso y de origen no infeccioso. Para la identificación de los factores de riesgo se analizó la información para los años 2006-2007, obtenida de registro que reportan la presentación de abortos en fincas de la cuenca lechera. Los datos insuficientes se complementaron con la aplicación de una encuesta para cada finca que incluyó las variables consideradas como factores de riesgo. El diseño para identificar los factores correspondió a un estudio de casos y controles, donde se calculó el Odds Ratio para cada variable en estudio y se validó con el modelo de regresión logística multivariado. Resultados. Se encontró en las variables, ausencia de sistemas de drenaje con un OR 4.42(P 0.006) y la ausencia de pozo séptico con OR 5.59(P 0.033).Conclusiones. Los abortos se presentan con mayor frecuencia en vacas adultas entre el segundo y cuarto parto, durante el último tercio de la gestación y en los primeros 5 meses del año. Los factores de riesgo asociados a la presentación de aborto fueron la ausencia de sistemas de drenaje y de pozo séptico para el manejo de aguas residuales y aguas lluvias. Factores de riesgo asociados a aborto bovino en la cuenca lechera del departamento de Nariño Risk factors associated with bovine abortion in a dairy region in the department of Nariño

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Associations between leptospiral infection and seropositivity in rodents and environmental characteristics in Argentina

Cited by 60 publications

References 18 publications

Infections byLeptospira interrogans, Seoul Virus, andBartonellaspp. Among Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus) from the Urban Slum Environment in Brazil

Infections byLeptospira interrogans, Seoul Virus, andBartonellaspp. Among Norway Rats (Rattus norvegicus) from the Urban Slum Environment in Brazil

Cross-Species Surveillance of Leptospira in Domestic and Peri-Domestic Animals in Mahalla City, Gharbeya Governorate, Egypt

Factores de riesgo asociados a aborto bovino en la cuenca lechera del departamento de Nariño

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