Associations between Individual‐level and Area‐level social disadvantage and oral health behaviours in Australian adolescents

Kaunein, Nadia; Singh, Ankur; King, Tania

doi:10.1111/adj.12792

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…In the 18-24-year group, individuals from neighborhoods with a higher household income were significantly more likely to receive preventive services and significantly less likely to receive treatment services. This is in keeping with individuallevel research among both adolescents [36] and adults [37]. The geovisualization of these variables also showed that the changes in dental care outcomes were more pronounced in some FSA codes when compared to others The results of this study show neighborhoodlevel discrepancies in dental care outcomes in both the age groups studied.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Neighborhood-Level Inequalities in Dental Care of Adolescents and Young Adults in Southwestern Ontario

et al. 2022

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We examined whether the association of neighborhood-level socioeconomic status (SES) with the cost of dental care and dental care outcomes differs between adolescents and young adults. A total of 2915 patient records were split into two groups: adolescents (15 to 17 years of age) and young adults (18 to 24 years of age). Three dental care outcomes—routine oral evaluation (OEV-CH-A), utilization of preventive services (PRV-CH-A), and dental treatment services (TRT-CH-A)—were determined according to the Dental Quality Alliance (DQA) criteria. Associations of neighborhood SES and other sociodemographic variables with dental care outcomes and the cost of dental care were assessed using binary logistic and univariate linear regression models, respectively. Young adults had significantly lower PRV-CH-A and higher TRT-CH-A scores when compared to adolescents. We observed a significant negative association between TRT-CH-A and median household income in both adolescents and young adults. Utilization of dental treatment services was positively associated with the cost of care in both age groups, whereas utilization of preventive services was inversely associated with the cost of care in young adults, but not in adolescents. Neighborhood-level income was inversely associated with increased TRT-CH-A in both young adults and adolescents. In summary, young adults showed significantly worse preventive and treatment outcomes when compared to adolescents. Moreover, individuals from neighborhoods with a lower household income showed a significantly higher cost of dental care, yet worse treatment outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Neighborhood-Level Inequalities in Dental Care of Adolescents and Young Adults in Southwestern Ontario

et al. 2022

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“…2 Total streptococci = SSA, total bacterial count = CDC, total Mutans streptococci = MSKB. 3 Body mass index = BMI. 4 p-values were calculated via chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.…”

Section: Tooth Brushing Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the use of fluoride and sealants [1], 57% of adolescents in the United States have caries in their permanent teeth [2]. Adolescents' high risk for caries is associated with poor hygiene and high consumption of soda [3]. In lieu of the recommended two minutes of brushing, adolescents often apply excessive pressure for less time, leading to problems that range from gingivitis to chronic diseases [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Social Media Intervention for Promoting Oral Health Behaviors in Adolescents: A Non-Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial

Calderon

Comnick

Villhauer

et al. 2023

Oral

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Poor oral hygiene and excessive consumption of soda are among the main drivers of systemic health issues in adolescents in the United States. This non-randomized pilot clinical trial focused on the effects of a health text message system and smartphone-based intervention on adolescent tooth-brushing behavior and dietary choices, with a convenience sample of 94 participants aged 12 to 14 years old. A group of 75 participants agreed to use a tooth-brushing app and received a health text message; the other group of 15 agreed to use the tooth-brushing app, but did not receive a health text message. Saliva specimens were collected directly before and at the end of each experiment; changes in the salivary presence of cariogenic bacteria over the duration of the study were evaluated and compared with the demographics and behavioral variables. Within the text message group, 5% of participants increased the frequency of daily tooth brushing. Within the non-intervention group, 29% of participants increased the frequency of their daily tooth brushing. There were reductions in the total salivary bacteria and total streptococci in both groups (p < 0.001), but no change in the presence of cariogenic Mutans streptococci. Raising adolescents’ consciousness of oral health behavior resulted in marginal to moderate improvements to oral hygiene and dietary choices, as well as reductions in total salivary bacteria.

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“…27 In 11 out of the 15 papers, references to 'vulnerable populations' as high risk groups were made due to numerous diverse characteristics linked to poor diets and health outcomes. These 'at risk' groups were farmworkers, 28 single parent households, 29 those who are unemployed, 29,30 obese and overweight, 31 migrants 32 or ethnically diverse groups, 33,34 frequent consumers of SSBs, 26,31 children or adolescents, 35,36 people with disabilities, older people, those living in poverty, and people affected by alcoholism and drug addiction. 29,33 Five studies provided vague or unclear definitions over who might be included in the term 'vulnerable populations', or the reasons why, and did not explain this concept further.…”

Section: Vulnerable Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping study on the social determinants of health and sugar consumption in the context of policy approaches for improving population health

Zenz,

Jackson,

Naidu

et al. 2023

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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ObjectivesTo conduct a scoping review of existing research on the social determinants of health, sugar consumption and public health policy responses to address or improve health outcomes.MethodsA total of 13 categories were developed to reflect the authors' interest in the overall focus on the social determinants of health, sugar as an independent risk factor, upstream policy action (‘whole populations’), downstream policy action (‘targeted’) and two contemporary policy strategies (namely ‘Vulnerable populations’ and ‘Proportionate Universalism’). The search strategy was then performed on MEDLINE (via Ovid) and Web of Science, and was limited to the English language. No time limits prior to when the database search was conducted in 2022 were set to explore the full extent of the literature in this field.ResultsFive hundred and sixty articles were retrieved, of which 181 met the criteria for review. When all categories were applied, the findings showed that 76% of papers focusing on sugar consumption as a risk factor for non‐communicable diseases (NCDs) mentioned the social determinants of health. The majority of studies (60%) recommended downstream interventions, with 40% recommending ‘upstream’ interventions.A limited proportion (12%) of research work was published in dental journals. Research had been done using predominantly quantitative methods (66% of articles), with 24% of studies adopting a mixed methods approach, and 8% being exclusively qualitative. Research on contemporary strategies for sugar reduction were focused on the ‘Global North’ and 98% of papers used individual level data focused on targeted approaches, highlighting that there is little direct evidence for contemporary strategies aimed at reducing sugar consumption.ConclusionsWhilst the majority of public and dental health research argues that there is a need to address the social determinants of health, the findings from this study highlight that very few empirical studies have been designed to directly inform contemporary strategies for sugar reduction. More research is therefore needed that can directly assess the evidence for contemporary strategies in public health policy.

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Associations between Individual‐level and Area‐level social disadvantage and oral health behaviours in Australian adolescents

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Neighborhood-Level Inequalities in Dental Care of Adolescents and Young Adults in Southwestern Ontario

Neighborhood-Level Inequalities in Dental Care of Adolescents and Young Adults in Southwestern Ontario

A Social Media Intervention for Promoting Oral Health Behaviors in Adolescents: A Non-Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial

A scoping study on the social determinants of health and sugar consumption in the context of policy approaches for improving population health

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