Associations Between Gender and Obesity Among Adults with Mental Illnesses in a Community Health Screening Study

Jonikas, Jessica A.; Cook, Judith Α.; Razzano, Lisa A.; Steigman, Pamela J.; Hamilton, Marie M.; Swarbrick, Margaret; Santos, Alberto B.

doi:10.1007/s10597-015-9965-2

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…This study found no association between MetS and sex, contrary to findings from several studies that have found an increased risk for MetS in women compared with men [14, 38, 39]. Studies have found that women are more likely to be obese yet obesity is a major risk factor for MetS [40]. One study also found that women have increased susceptibility to metabolic side effects of antipsychotic medication [41].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Severe Mental Illness Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Uganda

Agaba

Migisha

Namayanja

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Globally, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components which are the major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, is higher among patients with severe mental illness (SMI) compared to the general population. This is mainly due to the deleterious lifestyles characterized by physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, and unhealthy diets common among patients with SMI as well as due to cardiometabolic effects of psychotropic medications. Despite these conditions being highly prevalent among patients with SMI, little attention is given to these conditions during routine reviews in the mental health clinics in most low-income countries including Uganda. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of MetS among patients with SMI at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH), a tertiary hospital in southwestern Uganda. Through a cross-sectional study at the mental health clinic of the hospital, we recruited 304 patients with SMI and evaluated them for MetS using the National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria. We defined the prevalence of MetS as the proportion of patients meeting the NCEP ATP III criteria. We used logistic regression to evaluate associations between MetS and independent variables. We included a total of 302 (44.37% male, 55.63% female) patients with a diagnosis of SMI in the analysis. The prevalence of MetS was 23.51% (95% CI 18.84–28.71). At multivariable logistic regression, age >40 years and long duration of mental illness (>10 years) were significantly associated with MetS. The prevalence of MetS is high among patients with psychiatric disorders, and thus metabolic screening, especially among the high-risk groups, is critical.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Severe Mental Illness Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Uganda

Agaba

Migisha

Namayanja

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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“…The associations between obesity and a wide range of comorbidities differ between genders, for example: Migraine[ 103 ], depression, eating disorders, anxiety and other mental disorders[ 104 , 105 ], sleep apnea[ 106 ], hypertension[ 107 , 108 ], atrial fibrillation[ 109 ], certain cancers etc . While most gender-specific differences in obesity-related comorbidities have been investigated and documented in adults, one cannot exclude the possibility that these, at least partially, reflect differences in health problems among obese children and adolescents.…”

Section: From Evidence For Gender Differences In Health Conditions Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender medicine: Lessons from COVID-19 and other medical conditions for designing health policy

Machluf

Chaiter

Tal

2020

WJCC

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Gender-specific differences in the prevalence, incidence, comorbidities, prognosis, severity, risk factors, drug-related aspects and outcomes of various medical conditions are well documented. We present a literature review on the extent to which research in this field has developed over the years, and reveal gaps in gender-sensitive awareness between the clinical portrayal and the translation into gender-specific treatment regimens, guidelines and into gender-oriented preventive strategies and health policies. Subsequently, through the lens of gender, we describe these domains in detail for four selected medical conditions: Asthma, obesity and overweight, chronic kidney disease and coronavirus disease 2019. As some of the key gender differences become more apparent during adolescence, we focus on this developmental stage. Finally, we propose a model which is based on three influential issues: (1) Investigating gender-specific medical profiles of related health conditions, rather than a single disease; (2) The dynamics of gender disparities across developmental stages; and (3) An integrative approach which takes into account additional risk factors (ethnicity, socio-demographic variables, minorities, lifestyle habits etc .). Increasing the awareness of gender-specific medicine in daily practice and in tailored guidelines, already among adolescents, may reduce inequities, facilitate the prediction of future trends and properly address the characteristics and needs of certain subpopulations within each gender.

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“…Therefore, it is important to understand the impact of concomitant SUD for this growing population. Previous research shows that obesity and its complications are more prevalent in those with SUD because of diet and lifestyle, adverse effects of psychotropic medications, and higher prevalence of poverty ( 28 ). The presence of NAFLD also has the potential to affect outcomes related to SUD through altered pharmacokinetics and drug clearance ( 29 , 30 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary Trends in Hospitalizations for Comorbid Chronic Liver Disease and Substance Use Disorders

Desai

Greene

Nephew

et al. 2021

Clin Transl Gastroenterol

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INTRODUCTION: Chronic liver diseases (CLDs) and substance use disorders (SUDs) are increasingly prevalent and often coexist. Contemporary studies describing the characteristics and hospitalization trends of those with comorbid CLD-SUD are lacking. We aimed to characterize a population-based cohort with comorbid CLD-SUD and describe trends in these hospitalizations over time by individual-level characteristics. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the National Inpatient Sample from 2005 through 2017. Diagnosis codes were used to identify adult hospitalizations with CLD, SUD, or both. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to make comparisons between diagnosis categories. Unadjusted and age-adjusted trends in these hospitalizations were described over time. RESULTS: Of 401,867,749 adult hospital discharges, 3.2% had CLD-only and 1.7% had comorbid CLD-SUD. Compared with CLD-only, comorbid CLD-SUD hospitalizations resulted in higher inpatient mortality (3.1% vs 2.4%, P < 0.001) and were associated with younger age, male sex, Native American race, and urban and Western US location. Over time, comorbid hospitalizations grew 34%, and the demographics shifted with larger increases in hospitalization rates seen in younger individuals, women, Native Americans, and those publicly insured. In comorbid hospitalizations, alcoholic SUD and CLD decreased, but drug SUDs and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases are fast-growing contributors. DISCUSSION: In this comprehensive analysis of US hospitalizations, comorbid CLD-SUD hospitalizations are increasing over time and lead to higher inpatient mortality than CLD alone. We further characterize the changing demographics of these hospitalizations, providing a contemporary yet inclusive look at comorbid CLD-SUD hospitalizations. These data can guide interventions needed to improve the poor outcomes suffered by this growing population.

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Associations Between Gender and Obesity Among Adults with Mental Illnesses in a Community Health Screening Study

Cited by 20 publications

References 64 publications

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Severe Mental Illness Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Uganda

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Severe Mental Illness Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Uganda

Gender medicine: Lessons from COVID-19 and other medical conditions for designing health policy

Contemporary Trends in Hospitalizations for Comorbid Chronic Liver Disease and Substance Use Disorders

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