Associations between eating patterns, dietary intakes and eating behaviors in premenopausal overweight women

Abstract

The regulation of energy intake is complex and many biological, psychosocial and environmental influences have been identified. To our knowledge, no study has yet investigated how eating patterns could mediate associations between eating behaviors and self-reported energy intake in premenopausal overweight women. Therefore, objectives of this study were to examine associations between eating behaviors and eating patterns in premenopausal overweight women and to test if Eat Behav. 2012 Apr;13(2):162-5. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2011.12.002. PMID: 223658042 eating patterns could mediate the associations between eating behaviors and self-reported energy intake. Women completed a 3-day food record and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire was used to assess eating behaviors (dietary restraint, disinhibition, hunger). In the total sample of women, flexible restraint was negatively (r= -0.18; p=0.03) and binge eating severity was positively (r=0.24; p=0.004) associated with self-reported energy intake. Moreover, flexible restraint was positively associated with the proportion of energy intake at breakfast (r=0.24; p=0.004), whereas disinhibition and binge eating severity were positively associated with the proportion of energy intake from snacks consumed after 5:00 pm (r=0. 22, p=0.007 and r=0.22, p=0.01, respectively). In addition, mediational analyses showed that proportion of energy intake from snacks consumed after 5:00 pm explained 24.1% of the association between binge eating severity and self-reported energy intake. In conclusion, these results suggest that eating patterns are important factors to consider in order to explain the associations between eating behaviors and self-reported energy intake.

The time-varying association between perceived stress and hunger within and between days

“…However, the finding that the strength of this association changes throughout a typical day with peaks in evening hours is relatively novel. In support of our observation, a recent study by Leblanc et al (2012) demonstrated that emotional eating, which is closely related to stress eating, was positively associated with a higher proportion of energy intake from snacks after 5:00 pm. It was suggested that “this loss of control (overeating) later in the day” (p. 164) was likely related to declines in satiety over the course of the day (de Castro, 2001, 2004, 2009; de Castro, Bellisle, Feunekes, Dalix, & DeGraaf, 1997), but, from the current study, it can be suggested that stress-induced hunger could additionally contribute to excessive energy intake in the evening.…”

Dietary intake, resting energy expenditure, and eating behavior in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome

“…Regular meal patterns have been shown to lead to higher postprandial energy expenditure, lower energy intake, and improved insulin sensitivity compared to irregular eating patterns in experimental studies of lean and obese women [11,12]. A recent study in premenopausal women concluded that meal pattern is an important factor that can explain the associations between eating behaviors and self-reported energy intake [13]. However, no previous study have investigated whether meal patterns of women with PCOS differ from those of healthy women.…”

Increase in cognitive eating restraint predicts weight loss and change in other anthropometric measurements in overweight/obese premenopausal women

“…Numerous studies have examined dietary restraint to investigate the extent to which differences in restraint were systematically related to caloric intake, body mass index (BMI) and weight change (Finlayson, Cecil, Higgs, Hill, & Hetherington, 2012;Laessle et al, 1989;Leblanc et al, 2012;McLean & Barr, 2003;Westenhoefer et al, 1994). Available data have shown that women who scored high on dietary restraint did, in fact, restrict food intake (McLean & Barr, 2003), but with varying degrees of success.…”