Associations between dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia risk: a PRISMA compliant meta-analysis

Abstract

ObjectiveTo determine the relationships between dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk of schizophrenia using meta-analysis.MethodThe PubMed, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched to identify relevant literature published up to February 2016. The allele contrast model was used. Stata software was used for statistical analysis, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated to evaluate the associations between dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms and the risk of schizophrenia. Meta-regression and publication bias, trim-and-fill, subgroup, sensitivity, cumulative, and fail-safe number analyses were also performed.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 81 studies. The rs1801028 and rs1799732 were associated with schizophrenia risk among Asians (P=0.04, OR =1.25, 95% CI =1.01–1.55; P<0.01, OR =0.76, 95% CI =0.63–0.92, respectively), while the rs6277 was associated with schizophrenia risk in Caucasians (P<0.01, OR=0.72, 95% CI =0.66–0.79). The rs1800497 was also associated with schizophrenia risk in population-based controls (P<0.01, OR =0.84, 95% CI =0.72–0.97). The rs6275, rs1079597, and rs1800498 were not associated with schizophrenia risk. In addition, meta-regression indicated that the controls may be sources of heterogeneity for the rs1801028 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), while ethnicity may be sources of heterogeneity for the rs6277 SNP. Publication bias was significant for the rs1801028 SNP, and this result changed after the publication bias was adjusted using the trim-and-fill method.ConclusionThis meta-analysis demonstrated that the rs1801028 may be a risk factor for susceptibility to schizophrenia among Asians, while the rs1799732 may be a protective factor for that population. Large-sample studies are necessary to verify the results of this meta-analysis.

No association between polymorphisms in the promoter region of dopamine receptor D2 gene and schizophrenia in the northern Chinese Han population: A case–control study

“…However, the approach is vulnerable to the effect of racial stratification, sample population, and sample content. Sample population issues may also explain the inconsistencies between our results and some meta‐analyses conducted in Asia (He et al, ; Wang et al, ) and even in China (Zhao et al, ). China is a vast country with a great geographical distance between north and south.…”

Synonymous polymorphism rs201256011 in dopamine receptor type 2 gene is associated with schizophrenia and PANSS score in Pakistani population: A first report

“…On the contrary, Vijayan et al reported higher frequency of Cys311 in South Indian schizophrenia patients 26 . A recent meta‐analysis of 42 case‐control studies revealed positive association of DRD2 SNP (rs1801028, C/G) with schizophrenia and sub‐group analysis showed that G‐allele was associated with increased susceptibility to schizophrenia in Asians 15 . On the contrary, there are also meta‐analysis that have reported no association of rs1801028 with schizophrenia 27,28 .…”

“…It has been reported that patients carrying Cys311 variant are less likely to be hospitalised, have lesser negative symptoms, shorter duration of hospitalisation and also respond better to antipsychotics 14 . However, some of the studies have reported positive association of this polymorphism with schizophrenia in various populations, 15,16 Further, few studies have also reported no association of this polymorphism with schizophrenia 4,11 …”

The Dopamine Receptor D2 C957T Polymorphism Modulates Early Components of Event-Related Potentials in Visual Word Recognition Task

“…Numerous studies have demonstrated significant neurobiological effects of the C957T variants on executive function, memory, perception, and processing of cognitive stimuli in clinical and non-clinical populations [12][13][14][15]. The association of C957T with schizophrenia, with the C allele being a risk factor, was confirmed in 2 recent meta-analyses [16,17].…”