Associations between digital media use and psychotic experiences in young adults of Quebec, Canada: a longitudinal study

Paquin, Vincent; Philippe, Frédérick L.; Shannon, Holly; Guimond, Synthia; Ouellet‐Morin, Isabelle; Geoffroy, Marie‐Claude

doi:10.1007/s00127-023-02537-6

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Previous research has identified concurrent associations between higher levels of PEs and higher levels of TV viewing, social media use, video gaming, and internet addiction in US and Canadian convenience samples of adults. 16,36 Another study among college students from Taiwan found that higher paranoid ideas were associated with incident internet addiction, a proxy for high and impairing internet use, at 1-year follow-up. 37 Examining these associations in a populationbased cohort and across adolescence, we found that 10.4% to 28.8% of children followed higher or curved trajectories of media use from ages 12 to 17 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its items measure persecutory ideations (eg, “Have you ever felt as if people seem to drop hints about you or say things with a double meaning?”), bizarre experiences (eg, “Have you ever felt as if the thoughts in your head are not your own?”), and perceptual abnormalities (eg, “Have you ever heard voices when you are alone?”), each rated on a 4-point scale from “never” to “nearly always” and averaged into a global score (range, 1-4). Participants were instructed not to include experiences that occurred only while under the influence of substances . Internal consistency was good: α, 0.87; ω, 0.90.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants were instructed not to include experiences that occurred only while under the influence of substances. 16,22 Internal consistency was good: α, 0.87; ω, 0.90. An additional item asked participants to estimate their age at onset of the first PE.…”

Section: Psychotic Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Higher media use and mental health problems appear to share risk factors, such as parental mental health problems, loneliness, bullying, and parent-child relational problems . Given these functional and mental health associations, media use may also be a marker of PE risk, with one recent study showing a cross-sectional association between higher digital media use and higher PEs among young adults …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,[12][13][14][15] Given these functional and mental health associations, media use may also be a marker of PE risk, with one recent study showing a crosssectional association between higher digital media use and higher PEs among young adults. 16 However, no study has yet examined the prospective associations between adolescent media use and PEs. Notably, this association may vary according to longitudinal trajectories and types of media use.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trajectories of Adolescent Media Use and Their Associations With Psychotic Experiences

Paquin,

Ferrari,

Rej

et al. 2024

JAMA Psychiatry

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ImportanceAdolescent media use is thought to influence mental health, but whether it is associated with psychotic experiences (PEs) is unclear.ObjectiveTo examine longitudinal trajectories of adolescent media use and their associations with PEs at 23 years of age.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included participants from the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (1998-2021): children who were born in Québec, Canada, and followed up annually or biennially from ages 5 months through 23 years. Data were analyzed between January 2023 and January 2024.ExposuresParticipants reported their weekly amount of television viewing, video gaming, computer use, and reading at ages 12, 13, 15, and 17 years.Main Outcome and MeasuresLifetime occurrence of PEs was measured at 23 years of age. Covariables included sociodemographic, genetic, family, and childhood characteristics between ages 5 months and 12 years.ResultsA total of 1226 participants were included in the analyses (713 [58.2%] female, 513 [41.8%] male). For each media type, latent class mixed modeling identified 3 group-based trajectories, with subgroups following trajectories of higher use: television viewing, 128 (10.4%); video gaming, 145 (11.8%); computer use, 353 (28.8%); and reading, 140 (11.4%). Relative to lower video gaming, higher video gaming was preceded by higher levels of mental health and interpersonal problems at age 12 years. Adjusting for these risk factors mitigated the association between higher video gaming and PEs at age 23 years. The curved trajectory of computer use (189 [15.4%] participants), characterized by increasing levels of use until age 15 years followed by a decrease, was associated with higher PEs (estimated difference, +5.3%; 95% CI, +1.5% to +9.3%) relative to lower use (684 [55.8%] participants). This association remained statistically significant after covariable adjustment.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that longitudinal trajectories of media use during adolescence were modestly associated with PEs at age 23 years, likely reflecting the influence of shared risk factors. Understanding the environmental determinants and psychosocial functions of media use during adolescence may help better integrate digital technologies in the prevention and management of PEs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Psychotic Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trajectories of Adolescent Media Use and Their Associations With Psychotic Experiences

Paquin,

Ferrari,

Rej

et al. 2024

JAMA Psychiatry

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Psychotic‐like experiences and associated factors in resident physicians: A Canadian cross‐sectional study

Paquin,

Guay,

Moderie

et al. 2024

Early Intervention Psych

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AimMedical residency training is associated with a range of sociodemographic, lifestyle and mental health factors that may confer higher risk for psychotic‐like experiences (PLEs) in residents, yet little research has examined this question. Thus, we aimed to document the prevalence and associated factors of PLEs among resident physicians.MethodsPhysicians enrolled in residency programmes in the Province of Québec, Canada (four universities) were recruited in Fall 2022 via their programme coordinators and social media. They completed an online questionnaire assessing PLEs in the past 3 months (the 15‐item Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences), as well as sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and mental health. Analyses included survey weights and gamma regressions.ResultsThe sample included 502 residents (mean age, 27.6 years; 65.9% women). Only 1.3% (95% CI: 0.5%, 4.0%) of residents met the screening cut‐off for psychotic disorder. Factors associated with higher scores for PLEs included racialised minority status (relative difference: +7.5%; 95% CI: +2.2%, +13.2%) and English versus French as preferred language (relative difference: +7.9% 95% CI: +3.1%, +12.9%), as well as each additional point on scales of depression (relative difference: +0.8%; 95% CI: +0.3%, +1.3%) and anxiety (relative difference: +1.3%; 95% CI: +0.8%, +1.7%). In secondary analyses, racialised minority status was associated with persecutory items, but not with other PLEs. Gender, residency programmes and lifestyle variables were not associated with PLEs.ConclusionsThis study found low reports of PLEs in a sample of resident physicians. Associations of PLEs with minoritised status may reflect experiences of discrimination.

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Media Use and Its Associations With Paranoia in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Ecological Momentary Assessment

Paquin,

Ackerman,

Depp

et al. 2024

JMIR Ment Health

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Background Paranoia is a spectrum of fear-related experiences that spans diagnostic categories and is influenced by social and cognitive factors. The extent to which social media and other types of media use are associated with paranoia remains unclear. Objective We aimed to examine associations between media use and paranoia at the within- and between-person levels. Methods Participants were 409 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar disorder. Measures included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics at baseline, followed by ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) collected 3 times daily over 30 days. EMA evaluated paranoia and 5 types of media use: social media, television, music, reading or writing, and other internet or computer use. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine paranoia as a function of each type of media use and vice versa at the within- and between-person levels. Results Of the 409 participants, the following subgroups reported at least 1 instance of media use: 261 (63.8%) for using social media, 385 (94.1%) for watching TV, 292 (71.4%) for listening to music, 191 (46.7%) for reading or writing, and 280 (68.5%) for other internet or computer use. Gender, ethnoracial groups, educational attainment, and diagnosis of schizophrenia versus bipolar disorder were differentially associated with the likelihood of media use. There was a within-person association between social media use and paranoia: using social media was associated with a subsequent decrease of 5.5% (fold-change 0.945, 95% CI 0.904-0.987) in paranoia. The reverse association, from paranoia to subsequent changes in social media use, was not statistically significant. Other types of media use were not significantly associated with paranoia. Conclusions This study shows that social media use was associated with a modest decrease in paranoia, perhaps reflecting the clinical benefits of social connection. However, structural disadvantage and individual factors may hamper the accessibility of media activities, and the mental health correlates of media use may further vary as a function of contents and contexts of use.

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Associations between digital media use and psychotic experiences in young adults of Quebec, Canada: a longitudinal study

Cited by 3 publications

References 74 publications

Trajectories of Adolescent Media Use and Their Associations With Psychotic Experiences

Trajectories of Adolescent Media Use and Their Associations With Psychotic Experiences

Psychotic‐like experiences and associated factors in resident physicians: A Canadian cross‐sectional study

Media Use and Its Associations With Paranoia in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Ecological Momentary Assessment

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