Associations between COVID-19 risk perceptions and smoking and quitting behavior among U.S. adults

Nyman, Amy L.; Spears, Claire Adams; Churchill, Victoria; Vuong, Van; Henderson, Katherine; Massey, Zachary B.; Reynolds, Reed M.; Huang, Jidong

doi:10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100394

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In addition, we found greater smoking reductions among younger and Black participants. Our findings are in line with prior COVID-19 research that showed greater COVID-19 risk perceptions increased motivation to quit and/or promoted reductions in smoking and e-cigarette use [ 20 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Likewise, the results are consistent with other studies conducted early during the pandemic, which found associations among tobacco use reductions and younger age [ 46 , 47 , 48 ] and Black race [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Cigarette Smoking in Response to COVID-19: Examining Co-Morbid Medical Conditions and Risk Perceptions

Fucito

Bold

Cannon

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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During the initial wave of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the U.S., information was mixed about the relative COVID-19 risks and potential benefits associated with cigarette smoking. Therefore, we sought to understand individual differences in the impact of COVID-19 on cigarette smoking in a sample of adults who reported recent use, with a particular focus on chronic medical conditions likely associated with increased COVID-19 risk. Participants completed an online survey of smoking behavior, demographic variables, medical history, and COVID-19 risk perceptions between July and August 2020 (N = 286). We examined whether medical conditions, COVID-19 risk perceptions and/or demographic characteristics were related to smoking changes in response to the pandemic (i.e., no change, decrease, increase) using multinomial logistical regression. Younger age, higher COVID-19 risk perceptions and Black versus White race were associated with greater odds of decreased smoking compared to no smoking change. Moreover, having at least one chronic medical condition was associated with greater odds of increased smoking relative to no change. The results have important implications for tobacco cessation treatment and preventive healthcare during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and other public health threats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Cigarette Smoking in Response to COVID-19: Examining Co-Morbid Medical Conditions and Risk Perceptions

Fucito

Bold

Cannon

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Obtained results suggest that health risks related to the pandemic influenced the quitting decisions of the respondents (e.g., reduction of the risk of severe course of the disease in case of infection). Similar results were presented in the study by Nyman et al [ 20 ], conducted among 1223 participants. The authors stressed that perceptions of the COVID-19 disease are among many other considerations made when deciding to attempt to quit smoking.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Smoking Cessation—A Real-Time Data Analysis from the Polish National Quitline

Koczkodaj

Cedzyńska

Przepiórka

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, tobacco research has delivered new evidence on the harmfulness of smoking in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the course of the COVID-19 disease. More and more research proves that smoking is an important risk factor contributing to increased risk of mortality among COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to assess whether and how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted decisions about quitting smoking. A total of 4072 records of anonymized data were obtained from the Polish National Quitline. Between 15 April 2020 and 31 May 2021, the callers were asked about the COVID-19 pandemic and its influence on their decisions on smoking continuation or cessation. Our results indicate that smokers are very receptive to communication concerning COVID-19 and smoking risk. This phenomenon can possibly be connected to the immediate potential health consequences of smoking and COVID-19 virus infection. Results may indicate that putting emphasis on arguments combined with short-term health consequences of smoking may result in better outcomes in smoking cessation. There is a need for further and constant education on tobacco-related health harm. Our results showed that an irregular and mass communication on health consequences may result in high effectiveness in smoking cessation.

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“…The enzyme, responsible for the production of nitric oxide (8), has been shown to inhibit SARS-Cov virus replication (the coronavirus causing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, emerged in 2003), (9). Based on the analogy and similarity between SARS-Cov and SARS-Cov-2, it may be assumed that the nonstructural protein nsp10 causes mitochondrial impairment (10). Additionally, extracellular mitochondria, which are also ROS source, are able to provoke the immune response, regulate cell-to-cell communication and danger sensing (11).…”

Section: Ros and Rns Generation In Sars Mers And Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another important factor, probably protecting from the development of severe COVID-19, is a normal to high level of serum vitamin D [ 8 , 9 ]. Smoking cigarettes, however, may increase the risk of severe course of the disease, even in the absence of smoking-related disease [ 10 – 12 ]. The well-known and widely accepted hypothesis is that the male sex, hypertension, COPD, diabetes, or cancer may deeply influence the severity of the disease [ 13 – 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress-Related Mechanisms in SARS-CoV-2 Infections

Wieczfińska

Kleniewska

Pawliczak

2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The COVID-19 pandemic caused relatively high mortality in patients, especially in those with concomitant diseases (i.e., diabetes, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)). In most of aforementioned comorbidities, the oxidative stress appears to be an important player in their pathogenesis. The direct cause of death in critically ill patients with COVID-19 is still far from being elucidated. Although some preliminary data suggests that the lung vasculature injury and the loss of the functioning part of pulmonary alveolar population are crucial, the precise mechanism is still unclear. On the other hand, at least two classes of medications used with some clinical benefits in COVID-19 treatment seem to have a major influence on ROS (reactive oxygen species) and RNS (reactive nitrogen species) production. However, oxidative stress is one of the important mechanisms in the antiviral immune response and innate immunity. Therefore, it would be of interest to summarize the data regarding the oxidative stress in severe COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the role of oxidative and antioxidant mechanisms in severe COVID-19 based on available studies. We also present the role of ROS and RNS in other viral infections in humans and in animal models. Although reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play an important role in the innate antiviral immune response, in some situations, they might have a deleterious effect, e.g., in some coronaviral infections. The understanding of the redox mechanisms in severe COVID-19 disease may have an impact on its treatment.

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Associations between COVID-19 risk perceptions and smoking and quitting behavior among U.S. adults

Cited by 19 publications

References 59 publications

Cigarette Smoking in Response to COVID-19: Examining Co-Morbid Medical Conditions and Risk Perceptions

Cigarette Smoking in Response to COVID-19: Examining Co-Morbid Medical Conditions and Risk Perceptions

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Smoking Cessation—A Real-Time Data Analysis from the Polish National Quitline

Oxidative Stress-Related Mechanisms in SARS-CoV-2 Infections

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